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1、2022年考博英语-燕山大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题(1) Stan Belin (斯坦贝林) was born in the 1930s to an urban family locked in the grip of the Great Depression. His was a fractured family, one in which his parents fought constantly. I lived with a feeling of impending doom, he says. This fear drove him to be a mo
2、del child.Stan has a vivid memory of once leaning against a bridge railing as a boy and gazing at a handsome party boat passing below. He could see people on deck enjoying their outing. (2) It was a scene of comfort and luxury he could hardly have imagined. That mental picture influenced the boys id
3、ea of success. His goals became money, power, and prestige.Stan did well in school. He found his greatest academic success in his science courses. But he lacked the confidence to pursue a medical career and turned to dentistry as a quicker route to his lifes goals.(3) He married a young woman he had
4、 known since high school, and for over 20 years Stan and Jane lived a life that many people would envy. His reputation spread, the money started rolling in and he was appointed to a prestigious position by his state government. Two healthy children were born.(4) The family had a magnificent house, e
5、xpensive automobiles and took exotic vacations.The crowning touch for Stan came when he bought a luxury yacht and sailed to the bridge where, as a child, he had first glimpsed what he hoped would be his future. “I told Jane the story,” he says. (5) “As I spoke, I realized that something was all wron
6、g. I possessed everything I had ever dreamed of, but I felt very sad and hopeless. What was worse, I knew it would never change.”Then in the early 1980s, a doctor friend invited Stan to dinner. The friend said he had been using cocaine as an antidepressant. He described it as a marvelous no addictiv
7、e drug. Stan decided the drug might be just right for his own depression.【答案】1. 斯坦贝林出生于20世纪30年代一个陷入经济大萧条困境之中的城市家庭。2. 这种舒适与奢侈的情景是他无法想象的。这一情景铭刻在他的脑海里，影响着他对成功的看法。3. 他娶了一位中学时代就认识的女子为妻，20多年来，他和妻子简过着令人称羡的生活。4. 他们有华丽的住宅和昂贵的汽车，还常常出国度假。5. 说话时，我忽然意识到情况很不对劲。我已拥有曾经梦寐以求的一切，但却感到悲伤无望。更糟糕的是，我知道这种状况将永远不会改变。2. 单选题The
8、 chancellor _ the fact that he was the centre of criticism and stuck to his reforms.问题1选项A.dischargedB.disregardedC.disguisedD.disposed【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项discharged“履行（职责或义务）；批准离开”；B选项disregarded“不理会”；C选项disguised“伪装；掩饰”；D选项disposed“处理；扔掉”。句意：这位财政大臣_自己成为批评的焦点这一事实，坚持改革。根据语境，这里指不论别人怎么批评，财政大臣始终坚持
9、改革，B选项disregarded“不理会”符合题意。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题He is _ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.问题1选项A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optimistic“乐观的”；B选项optional“可选择的”；C选项outstanding“优秀的；重要的”；D选项obvious“明显的”。句意：他对自己在奥运会上赢得金牌的机率持_态度。根据语境，这里指的是对能否赢得金牌的预测
10、，A选项optimistic“乐观的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。4. 翻译题Parents of wailing babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents attention. Exactly why evolution has pro
11、duced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.(1) Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. “It may point researchers in the right direction to find the causes of excessive crying,” said Joseph Soltis, a bioa
12、coustics expert at Disneys Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, bee
13、tles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes.Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. (2) But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more at
14、tention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. (3) Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertiseme
15、nts.Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment.The babies of rhesus macaque monkeys cry out to their mothers and
16、 tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.“Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries,” said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago, (4) “But as the
