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1、语法填空中对非谓语动词的考查实例剖析例1theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(2008年广东)思路分析：因句中已有谓语isbased，而“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”是theproverb的同位语，是一个名词短语而非同位语从句，因此，help应是谓语动词；“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拨起来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填tohelp例2Whileshewasgettingme_34_(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom(2007年广东
2、)思路分析：因句中已有谓语wasgetting，所以settle应是非谓语动词；又由settlesb.into/in/on(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词用宾补，故填settled。考点突破一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1._walking_(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.(全国)2.Eugenesneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.Itsnouse_arguing_(argue)withhim.(上海)3.Pleaseremain_seate
3、d_(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.(辽宁)remain在这里是一个系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,CD明显不对,可以排除,AB都是分词形式,可以充当形容词,但是主语是人,和seat应该是被动关系,所以用过去分词而不用现在分词.Pleaseremainseated.请坐着不要动。Beseated请坐着不要动4.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_smoking_(smoke)here.(江苏)Sballowsbtodosth某人允许某人做某事Sballowdoingsth某人被允许做某事5.Itisdiffi
4、culttoimaginehis_accepting_(accept)thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.(陕西)imagineonesdoingsth固定搭配6.Icantstand_working_(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_tostop_(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.(北京)stand(sb.)doing,“忍受(某人)做什么”;refusetodo“拒绝做7.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinth
5、eareaneed_repairing_(repair).(陕西)Need(需要)的用法1.Need作为实义动词有人称、数和时态的变化（在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词）（1)当主语是人时，后可接名词和动词不定式，即：needsth./needtodosth.Eg:Heneedssomehelp.Itscoldoutside.Youneedtowearmoreclothes.Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。Eg:Youdontneedtodoitatonce.你不必马上做那件事情。（2)当主语为物时，后接名词或v-ing.Eg:Theflowers
6、needwater.这些花需要水。Theflowersneedwatering.这些花需要浇水。2.need作为情态动词（注：情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，即need作为情态动词时，后面必须跟动词原形）无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Eg:Youneedntgothisweek.这周你不必去。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用neednt。Eg:-NeedIcome?-Yes,youmust./No,youneednt注：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用neednt或donthavetoEg
7、:-MustIgonow?-Yes,youmust.No,youneednt/donthaveto.8.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_living_(live)alone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.(湖南)try这个词后面可以接doing和todo,但是表达的含义不同.Doing表示试着去做,但不管是否成功,todo表示尝试去做,强调结果.9.Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_nottaking_(nottake)h
8、isadvice!(安徽)10.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_getting_(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.(湖南)Meandoingsth意味着做某事，11.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_beingopenedandclosed_(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(全国)beingopenedandclosed是正在被开或关的意思12.Theyarequiet,arentthey?Ye
9、s.Theyareaccustomedto_nottalking_(nottalk)atmeals.(江苏)beaccustomedtodoingsth.习惯做某事（请注意：to为介词,并非不定式的标志,即后面加动词原形）13.Isntittimeyougotdownto_(mark)thepapers?(重庆)getdowntodoingsth是固定搭配，“开始做某事”；to为介词，后面接动名词或名词，14.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_setting_(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.(上海)学生可能会抓住“
10、hehadto”而选择A，因为他们对hadtodosomething的结构太熟悉了。其实，句中hadto与setup并不构成搭配，因为hehad为定语从句修饰先行词all,setup与devoteallto构成搭配，即devotealltosettingup(to为介词)，15.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_walking_(walk)intheflower-linedgarden.(上海)16.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime_passing_(pass)theexam.(福建)Haveahardti
11、me/difficulty/trouble.(in)doingsth.做某事有艰难、困难或有麻烦.17.Accordingtoarecent.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_watching_(watch)TV.(上海)spendsometime(in)doingsth.,中间出现了upto（达到）,增加了选择的难度.18.Ibelievethatsthebestwaytopreventsuchathingfrom_happening_(happen)again.(全国)19.Didyouhavetroublein_finding_(find)thep
12、ostoffice?(全国)20.Sandycoulddonothingbut_admit_(admit)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.(上海)介词后接动词通常应是动名词.但是介词but（except也一样）却比较特殊,其后接动词时,可以接不定式,并且这个不定式可以带to也可以不带to：1当其前的谓语含有实义动词do（可以是各种形式）时,其后的不定式通常不带to：Shewilldoanythingbutplaychess她除了下棋外什么都愿干.HedidnothingalldayexceptwatchTV他一整天除了看电视什么也没做.2当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词do时,其后的不定式通常要带to：Theyhadnochoicebuttoobey他们别无选择只有服从.Hewantednothingbuttostayhere他除了想呆在这里外,其它什么也不想.3当其前含有实义动词do但不是用作谓语时,其后的不定式带不带to均可,但以不带to为多见：Theresnothingtodobut（to）leave只好离开.Therewasnothingtodobut（to）wait除了等没有其它的办法.4在cannot（help）but后习惯上接不带to的不定式：Icannot（help）butadmirehisco
