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1、初中英语情态动词讲解 练习及答案情态动词 一、 考点、热点回顾 1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time: sometimes: “有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: “某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring. Well meet again sometime next week. some time: “一段时间” We hav
2、e to stay here for some time. 2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如: 许多书 许多牛奶 (2)a few和a little都表示有一点儿,侧重于肯定,相当于some,但a few修饰可数名词, a little修饰不可数名词,例如: He has a few friends in London. -Would you like some coffee? -Yes, just a little. (3)few和little表示几乎没有,侧重否定。f
3、ew后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例如:He is a strange man. He has few words. Hurry up, there is little time left. 加-ing be busy doing sth. 忙于做 eg: Mother is busy cooking. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做 eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了感谢你 eg: Thank you for your he
4、lp. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事 eg: I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours. 又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点: 它们必须与其他动词连用,即:情态动词动词原形 表示说话人对所
5、述动作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s 。 在意义上,情态动词具有“多义性”。 例:can既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允许等意义。 1. can的基本用法: 1 表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能够,会”,可与be able to转换。 例:He can speak English. = He is able to speak English. Can you play basketball? No, I cant. 如果表示将来具备的能力,要用will be able to。 例:If I have a good sleep, I
6、will be able to do the problem. 表示许可,主要用于口语,书面语一般用may。 例:Can we go home now, please? No, you cant. You can only smoke in this room. You cant keep the library books for more than a month. 表示“可能”,与may同义,但一般用在疑问句中。 例:What can he possibly want? 在否定句中,否定形式cant表示推测“不大可能”。 例:Anybody can make mistakes. The
7、news cant be true. 与第一、二人称连用时,还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里,也可用could使语气婉转。 例:Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗? What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢? We can / could try asking Lucy for help. 我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。 You can / could help me with the cooking. 你可以帮我做饭。 2. may的基本用法: 表示“许可”,用can比较口语化。 例:You may /
8、can come if you wish. 如果你想来,你就来。 You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。 May I smoke here? 我可以在这里抽烟吗? No, you mustnt. 不行。 肯定句中表示推测,“可能”。 例:It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 The news may not be true. 这个消息可能不会是真的。 注意:如果在疑问句中表示“可能”,通常用can。 例:Can it be true? 那会是真的吗? Who can he be? 他究竟是谁呢? :May I/w
9、e? Yes, you may./No, you mustnt. 3. must的基本用法: 表示必须,强调说话人的主观意志。 例:I must go now, or Ill be late. 2 You must be here by ten oclock. :表示“必须“时,must的否定式为neednt ,或dont have to ,而不是mustnt。 也就是:Must I/we do it now? Yes, you must . No, you neednt /dont have to . 例:Must I go with them? No, you . 表示推测,一般只用于肯定
10、陈述句,表示非常肯定。 例:She didnt look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看,一定是生气了。 He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英语好,准知道这个词。 You must be Mr. Jones. 想必您就是琼斯先生吧。 4. have to的基本用法: have to可视为情态动词,但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化,而have to却有人称和数的变化,要视主语的不同而变化。 例:I / You / We / They have to. He / She /
11、 It has to. You dont have to. Does she have to? have to =have got to,意思是“必须,不得不”。 和must不同之处:must强调主观需要 have to强调客观需要。 例:Sorry, I have to leave now. 对不起,现在我得走了。 Ive got to go to a meeting. 我得去参加一个会议。 Will he have to work deep into the night? 他将不得不工作到深夜吗? 5. need的基本用法: need的基本词义是“需要”,它既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。
12、 need用作情态动词时,只用于否定句和疑问句。它只有一种形式,后接动词原形。 例:I dont believe you need worry. 我相信你没有必要焦急。 Need we go so soon? 我们需要这么早就去吗? Yes, we must. / No, we neednt. 是的,必须。不,不必。 So I neednt tell him, need I? 所以我不需要告诉他,对吧? 请比较以下两句话的不同意思: You neednt buy the coat. 你没有必要买那件外衣。 You neednt have bought the coat. 你没有必要买这件外衣的
13、。 :Need I/we? Yes,you must ./No, you neednt / dont have to . need用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化。 如果人作主语,一般后接带to的动词不定式。即need to do sth; 如果物作主语,一般后用need to be done 或need doing sth。 例如:I need to look up this word in the dictionary. 3 My watch needs mending/to be mended. 我的手表需要修理了。 We dont need to work today. (= W
14、e neednt work today.) Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?) 6. had better的基本用法: had better常略作d better。现代语法认为它是一个助动词,因为它后接不带to的动词不定式。 had better do sth意思是“最好做某事;还是做某事比较好”。 例:Youd better get some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。 Youd better not do that again. 你最好别再做那件事。 What had we better do now? 我们现
15、在怎么做才好呢? Hadnt we better tell her the truth? 我们是否最好不告诉她真相? :Youd better.表示劝告或委婉的命令,对长辈不宜使用。 7. could, should, would, might表示推测: . must多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推测,意思为“一定、肯定”。 如: You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。 The book must be his. His name is on the cover. 这本书一定是他的,封面上写着他的名字。 must不表推测时,在肯定句中意思为“必须(强调内在的职责)”,在否定句中意思为“不许、禁止”,以它开头的疑问