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1、2022年考博英语-中国海洋大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题Marry （ ）my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.问题1选项A.has receivedB.ought to have receivedC.couldnt have receivedD.shouldnt have received【答案】C【解析】句意:玛丽应该没有收到我的信，不然她应该己经给我回信的。语法题。考查虚拟语气。由关键信息otherwise (否则)可知“Marry my letter”表示对过去的推测。故选C, coul
2、dnt have done表示对过去某事的否定猜测。2. 单选题Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use per capita. The history of industrial de
3、velopment abounds with examples.In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on US farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings a ration that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule
4、 population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been “economists”, they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been “technologists”，they
5、would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid
6、the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.1.According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U.S. farms in 1870?2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?3.It can be inferred from the passage t
7、hat by 1870（ ）.4.In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists” would（ ）.5.What is the authors attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovation?问题1选项A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water问题2选项A.Older technologies die away.B.The quality of life is improved.C.Overall productiv
8、ity increasedD.More raw materials become necessary问题3选项A.technology began to be more commercialB.the steam engine had been inventedC.the U.S. horse population was about 10 millionD.a national commission on agriculture had been established问题4选项A.plan the economy through yearly forecastsB.fail to cons
9、ider the influence of technological innovationC.value the economic contribution of farm animalsD.consult for the national commission on the economy问题5选项A.He is excited about themB.He accepts them as naturalC.He is disturbed by themD.He questions their usefulness【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.细节事
10、实题。第二段指出: In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on US farms (在1870年，马和骡子是美国农场的主要劳动力),由此可知A项“动物”正确。2.细节事实题。题干问的是:下列哪项不属于作者所述技术革新的结果?第一段指出: Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption material
11、s through the economy (成功的新发明让很多较旧的技术消失，带来了更高的生产力，通过经济发展带来更多数量的消耗材料)。故作者并未提及B项“人的生活质量得到 了改善”。3.判断推理题。第二段指出: .they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport (他们将认识到蒸汽动力已被使用到工业、土地和海洋运输)。由此推测B项“蒸汽引擎已被发明”正确。4.判断推理题。根据题干关键词“econom
12、ists”定位至第二段: Had they been “economists”，they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million (如果他们是经济学家，那么他们会认为到1970年马或骡子的数量要达到5000万),因此选B项“未能考虑到技术革新的影响”。5.观点态度题。由第一段中“Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulte
13、d in higher productivity(成功的新发明让很多较旧的技术消失,提高了生产力)”和最后一段中“It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly (他们最后很可能会得出这样的结论:马和骡子的数量会迅速减少)”可知作者对于技术革新带来的改变的态度是“自然地接受了他们”。3. 单选题（ ）that your daughter is well again, you no longer have a
14、nything to worry about问题1选项A.SinceB.WhenC.NowD.After【答案】C【解析】句意:既然你女儿恢复了健康，那么你就没有什么需要担忧的了。考查固定搭配。since that 从那以后。when that 在语法上是错误的。now that 既然。after that 从那以后。因此C符合句意。4. 单选题Mary wanted to turn natural history into a science that would （ ）physics and chemistry.问题1选项A.be the same asB.rank withC.be at
15、 issueD.take on【答案】B【解析】句意:玛丽想要将自然历史变成与物理和化学并列的一门学科。考查短语辨析。be the same as与相同; rank with 与并列; be at issue争论不休; take on承担，呈现，接纳，雇用。故B符合句意。5. 单选题In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, （ ）schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.问题1选项A.compellingB.forcedC.obligedD.compulsory【答案】D【解析】句意:如联合王国（英国）的其它地方那样，义务教育在苏格兰开始于5岁，结束于16岁。考查形容词辨析。Compelling引人入胜的,扣人心弦的,非常强烈的,不可抗拒的; forced被迫的,不得已的,勉强的; obliged有义务的; compulsory
