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1、1996年英语专业八级考试试题和答案SECTION A TALKOK, good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. In the previous week we talked about different types of pollution, and this week I want to focus on air pollution, air pollution caused by the car. Its well known that cars are the main cause of air pollution in a city. This c
2、an mean up to 50% of some diseases or even higher than 90 % of all air pollution are caused by the car. Obviously cars contribute a great deal to the air pollution in our cities, and this will get worse as the number of cars increases in the cities.Firstly, I would like to talk about how cars cause
3、air pollution. How does the car cause air pollution? Well, you are all familiar with internal combustion engine, there is a mixture of petrol which explodes, and the explosion that propels the car forward. Unfortunately, in this process there are some poisonous chemicals made, and these poisonous ch
4、emicals mainly come out of the back of the car through the exhaust.Now its not just what comes out of the car exhaust that is dangerous, the brakes also cause pollution. The brakes in some cars give off asphaltum, and you know asphaltum is, is highly dangerous substance, and can kill us. And thirdly
5、, the tyres themselves give off small rubber particle which is not very good for health.We need to find solutions to this problem. Im going to talk about four possible solutions. Firstly, we could try and discourage the use of cars. We could do this by putting higher taxes on petrol, or we could mak
6、e cars more expensive, we could put prices of cars up.Secondly, we might encourage alternative methods of transport. For example, recently in Shanghai, a new built supra-underground will take some of the pressure off the roads. Some people will use the underground rather than use cars.In addition we
7、 could improve public transport, make it more comfortable, safer, more regular so that people will use the public transport rather than the car. Next, we could also use cleaner fuel rather than petrol. For example, we might use natural gas in the future or we might experiment battery cars.And lastly
8、, we could try mechanical means for reducing the amount of chemicals that are emitted, which comes out of the cars the exhaust pipe. We could fix things called absolute converters for exhaust pipe. Its something, its a device which is seated over the exhaust, which controls the carbon amount of mino
9、r primer, which reduces the amount of dangerous chemical that cars give off. Now, its unlikely that any one of these solutions will work on its own. Im pretty sure that it will take a combination of all four of these solutions to solve this problem.SECTION B INTERVIEWInterviewer: So, you are an arch
10、itect?Interviewee: Yes.Interviewer: Do you work for a public or private organization, or are you self-employed, that is, working on your own?Interviewee: Im working for a private design and construction company.Interviewer: How did you start your career?Interviewee: I started it with the government.
11、Interviewer: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government?Interviewee: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant position in a newspaper, and I thought Why dont you try it? In fact, I have no preferences to where I work, public or private.Interviewer
12、; And do you still have this idea, or .Interviewee: More or less. Yes. Although Im now working for a private firm. I worked for the government for about three years. It was all right. Of course, there is the bureaucracy one has to put up with, but thats not that bad, if you dont mind bureaucratic wh
13、eels turning slowly, and things not being as efficient.Interviewer: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector?Interviewee: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesnt work, and we wanted to start a family right away. So we thought it might be better if I moved to the private sect
14、or. This is why its hard for me to be self-employed because self-employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time, or a period of time when you are unemployed.Interviewer: I see, so, did you join this company straight away or .Interviewee: No, I worked for ., in a couple of private firms be
15、fore I came to this one.Interviewer: Hmm . hmm. Now, what qualifications does one have to have to become an architect?Interviewee: Well, youve got to have a degree in architecture. That means before you apply to study architecture in any university you have to pass exams. Usually 3A levels with good
16、 results. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts . as the basis for the subject to be studied at university level. Although when you really get down to it, the subject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to work through, by the end of which you usually sit for the final examination.Interviewer: So, you mean to take up architecture, one has
