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1、2011年高考英语试题考点分项解析单项选择 形容词和副词【考查要点】形容词和副词是中学英语的重要组成部分,也是高考考查的热点之一。主要考查形容词、副词的基本用法及其比较等级。主要考查形容词比较级、同级比较时倍数及名词的位置、副词(词组)的意思、用法及位置等;比较等级及其修饰语;在特定的语境中选择恰当的词语。【名师解题指南】考点分析 考点1: 在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看,此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境,结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。经过统计,常见常考的形容词和副词有(按频度排列):even; interested;
2、interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising;还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和掌握: a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively考点2:考查形容词、副词的比较级、最高级及前面的修饰语
3、1) 比较级、最高级的选用及应用范围 比较级、最高级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。复习中须注意如下句型的用法: as + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“和一样”及not as / so + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“不如”。例如: John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good. as + 原级adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟一样”。例如: Its gener
4、ally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. Our neighbour has as big a house as ours. 比较级 + than表“比更”及less . than表示“不如”。例如: This year they have produced less grain than they did last year. This road is wider than that one. the + 比较级, the + 比较级表示“越,就越”。例如: Its believed that the
5、harder you work, the better result youll get. the +比较级+ of the + 名词 / 代词表示两者中“较的”。例如: Who is the younger of the two boys? 比较级 + 比较级(越来越)。_ 例如: Our country is getting stronger and stronger. Things became worse and worse from then on. 用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不适合的”、“最不希望的”等。例如: The last thing I want to do
6、 is to offend you.我最不愿意做的就是惹你生气。 He is the last man I want to see.他是我最不希望见的人。 He would be the last man to go there.他最不可能到那里去。考点3: 形容词作表语,形容词、副词作后置定语 1) 形容词用于系动词后作表语 在最近几年高考试题中系动词加形容词作表语的情况出现过很多次。高考对此点的考查集中于区别到底是系动词还是一般动词并选择合适的形容词,而不是副词作表语。常见的联系动词有如下三类: 表示感觉的系动词:sound, look, taste, appear, smell, fee
7、l, seem等 表示变化的系动词:become, fall, get, turn, grow, make, come, go等 表示状态存在的系动词:remain, keep, stay, continue, prove, lie, stand等。例如:2) 形容词、副词作后置定语 常见的几种修饰语后置的情况有: 形容词修饰something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代词时要后置。present作“出席的”时只作后置定语。表语形容词如alive, asleep, awake, alone等只能作后置定语。副词修饰动词时, 放在动词之后。修饰形容词或副
8、词时, 放在被修饰词之前。enough修饰形容词、副词时要后置,修饰名词时可放在名词的前后。形容词短语修饰名词作主语时要后置。用and或or连接的形容词作定语时要后置, 起强调作用。表数量的词作定语时要后置。副词修饰形容词的特殊词序, “so, as, how, too + 形容词 + 单数可数名词”。考点4: 倍数表达法 三种常见倍数表达法: 1) 倍数 + as + 原级形容词 + as .。例如:This road is three times as long as that one. 2) 倍数 + the size / length / width / depth / height
9、of .。例如: The river is five times the width of that one. 3) 倍数 + 比较级 + than + 被比较对象。例如: The sun is a million times larger than the earth. 考点5: 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题及语序不同意义不同的词组 1) 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题 多个形容词作定语时的排序一般遵从如下规律: 如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后。例如: a small wonder
10、ful gift 常用的顺序为: 限定词+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形容性形容词+(large, long, high)+新旧(old)+颜色(red)+产地(Chinese)+材料(wood)+用途(writing)+被修饰名词(desk) 记住以上规则是必要的,但还应多阅读、多体会,增强语感是关键。4. 几种带有否定词的比较句型 英语中表示比较的句型相当多,如果句型中插进了一个否定词,其意义和用法就很难掌握。下面介绍几种常见的表达方式: 1) no better than表示“和一样;实际等于”。例如: The patient is no better than
11、 he was yesterday._病人的情况和昨天一样。 A man who cannot read and write is no better than the blind.不识字的人跟瞎子没有两样。 2) not . any more than或no more . than表示“同一样不”。例如: A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. (= A whale is not a fish any more than a horse is.)鲸和马都不是鱼。(鲸之非鱼类,正如马之非鱼类。) My elder brother is no mor
12、e a singer than I am.我哥哥和我都不是歌唱家。 3) no less . than表示“和一样;不逊于”。例如: The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。 Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.日光和新鲜空气对身体健康是同样必不可少的。 4) nothing more than表示“只不过是,无非是”。例如: She wishes to be tre
13、ated as nothing more than a common girl._她希望把她像一般女孩一样对待。 It is nothing more than a made-up story.这只不过是杜撰的故事而已。【11真题全解全析】1.(2011四川卷,12)How are your recent trip to Sichuan?Ive never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant3.(2011湖北卷,23)The old engineers eyes
14、still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_,though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady【答案】D【解析】考查形容词的辨义。句意为“这位年长的工程师,古铜色的脸上布满皱纹,但目光炯炯。当他走过房间时,步子虽慢但是沉稳。”shaky颤抖的;heavy沉重的;casual漠不关心的,冷淡的;steady稳定的。根据前面的交代,选D。4.(2011湖北卷,24)An unhappy childhood may
15、have some negative effects on a persons characters; however, they are not always_,A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial6.(2011江西卷24)The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting【答案】 A【解析】考察形容词比较级。句意为“我得说,这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。什么?这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”程度副词可修饰形容词比较级,放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?”进行的反问,选A。7.(2011江西卷33)She