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1、2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Some cultures have customs that （ ）the clothing fashions of people in certain social classes.问题1选项A.modifyB.alterC.regulateD.revise【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。modify修改,更改;修饰;alter 改变,更改;regulate 控制, 管理,调节;revise修订, 修改。modify 是指略微的修改, alter范围较广, 指任何的改变, revise通常指修订课本, 制度的管理
2、和规定经常用regulate。句意：某些文化有一些习俗, 这些习俗规定了某些社会阶层中人们的穿衣时尚。所以选项C正确。2. 单选题Do you know the fact that broad bean contain （ ） that must be destroyed by cooking them at high temperature before eating them?问题1选项A.flakeB.aromaC.etherD.toxin【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。flake小薄片，火花;aroma芳香, 香味;ether乙醚 ;toxin毒素。句意：你知道吗？蚕豆含有毒素，吃之前必
3、须用高温烹煮。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题Ronnys steps died away, and there was a moment of （ ） silence.问题1选项A.absentB.abstractC.absoluteD.acquire【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。absent心不在焉的;abstract抽象的;absolute绝对的, 完全的;acquire为动词, 获得。填空处填入的形容词是为了修饰silence的程度。句意：Ronny的脚步声渐渐消失了, 接着是一阵绝对的沉默。选项C符合句意。4. 单选题（ ） in their island community, th
4、e various tribes used languages which became more and more similar to each others.问题1选项A.ManagedB.ShrunkC.AssumedD.Isolated【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。manage经营, 管理; shrink收缩, 退缩; assume假设,猜想; isolate使隔离, 使孤立, 使脱 离。句意：在与世隔绝的岛上，各个部落使用的语言越来越相似。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题My seven-year old nephew had a pair of new shoes in April
5、and hes already （ ） them.问题1选项A.outweighedB.outgrownC.outlivedD.outreached【答案】B【解析】形近词辨析。outweighed 比重; outgrown 长得大而容不进, 比长得快（或高、大）; outlived 比活得长久; outreached 超越, 伸出。句意：我七岁的侄子四月份买了一双新鞋, 现在已经穿不下了。选项B符合句意。6. 单选题It is our firm （ ） that a step forward has been taken and will bring the country back to
6、economic prosperity.问题1选项A.convictionB.empowermentC.imperativeD.proposition【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。conviction确信，证明；empowerment 许可，授权；imperative命令，需要，势在必行；proposition提议，命题。句意：我们坚信，已经向前迈出了一步，并将使国家恢复经济繁荣。选项A符合句意。7. 单选题Developing a peaceful, understanding, and supportive relationship between parents and children
7、 is not an easy task. Failures can and do occur at any age level, and at times the results arc the abuse, neglect, and even death of children.Child abuse has become a major topic in child development and an issue of much national concern. In the span of four legislative years, 1963 - 1967, all fifty
8、 states enacted laws calling for the reporting of injuries inflicted on children. By 1973, the United States Congress passed the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (Public Law 93 - 247). This law not only reflected the mood of concerned citizens, but it also did much to clear up the confusion
9、and disagreement over what is child abuse.The question what causes child abuse? has prompted much debate. The single most persistent myth which had plagued efforts to understand causes is the notion that parents who abuse children are mentally disturbed or ilk Although there is no specific psychiatr
10、ic diagnosis which comprises the behavior and personalities of abuser, they seem to share a common style of child rearing. Those parents demand high levels of child performance and they often use severe physical punishment to ensure the childs proper behavior. Abusive parents themselves were raised
11、in similar family situations and their own childhood experience has a lasting influence on their behavior as adults.Current research has suggested, however, that the abuser is sick hypothesis is too limiteD.A broader social, psychological approach recognizes that some personal problems are implicit
12、but that psychological factors arise out of a social context. Social factors include unemployment, social isolation, and unwanted pregnancy. Moreover, findings that abuse occurs more frequently in larger families and families with low income, poor education, and low occupational status suggest that
13、many such parents cannot withstand the twenty-four-hour-a-day responsibility to raise and care for their children. These problems aggravate the situation, especially when combined with the general approval in our culture of violence.1.This selection suggests that child abuse is（ ） .2.We can know fro
14、m the second paragraph that the law passed by 1973（ ） .3.The person who is least likely to be a child-abusing parent is the one who（ ）.4.Which one of the following is most probably a cause of child abuse?5.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?问题1选项A.a growing pro
15、blem whose causes are not fully understoodB.caused primarily by the mental illness of parentsC.a problem in the United States, but a greater one in EuropeD.easily determined because of recent public laws问题2选项A.received little attention from the publicB.was condemned by abusive parentsC.was aimed to expand welfare programs of the United SlatesD.helped much in clarifying the problem
