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1、2022-2023年考博英语-首都师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Jack （ ）the problem in his mind for two days before he did something about it.问题1选项A.turned outB.turned toC.turned onD.turned over【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组辨析。turned out 结果是； turned to 转向，求助于；turned on 打开；turn over 仔细考虑。句意：杰克在采取行动之前，关于这个问题，他在脑海中仔细考虑了两天。D项符合句意，答案D2. 单选题The
2、 ratio of the work done by the machine （ ）the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machine.问题1选项A.againstB.withC.toD.for【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。the ratio of A to B表示“A与B之比”。句意：机械所做的功与其受到的功之比称为机械的效率。答案C3. 单选题Small farms and the lack of modern technology have （ ）agricultural production.问题1选项A.blund
3、eredB.tangledC.bewilderedD.hampered【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。 blundered “做错；说错话”； tangled “使纠缠；处于混乱状态”；bewildered “使迷惑，使不知所措”；hampered“阻碍，束缚”。句意：小农场和现代技术的缺乏阻碍了农业生产。联系前半句可知只有D项“阻碍”符合句意。答案D4. 单选题You should （ ）to one or more weekly magazines such as Time or People.问题1选项A.subscribeB.orderC.prescribeD.reclaim【答案】A
4、【解析】考查动词辨析。 subscribe订阅，后接介词to；order定购，预定；prescribe开处方；reclaim改造，感化，回收利用 ；由weekly magazines可知答案为A。句意：你应该订阅一本或更多的周刊杂志，比如时代或人物。答案A5. 单选题When Tasuma first came to the U.S. from Japan, he wasnt sure he could （ ）into American culture, but after a few months, he felt at home here.问题1选项A.absorbB.transformC
5、.digestD.assimilate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。 absorb吸引，理解； transform 改变，转换；digest消化，吸收； assimilate使同化，吸收。句意：当Tasuma笫一次从日本来到美国时，他不确信自己能融入美国文化，可是过了几个月，他在那里就感觉像在自己家似的。由“buthe felt at home here.”可知空格处意为“他不确定自己是否可以融入美国文化。”答案D6. 单选题She was an experienced traveler who had （ ）both Africa and Europe in her twenties.问题
6、1选项A.traversedB.transferredC.trampledD.trespassed【答案】A【解析】考查形似词辨析。 traversed 横越，穿过；transferred 使转移，使调动；trampled 践踏，无视；trespass侵占，侵入。句意：她是一个有经验的旅行者，在她二十多岁的时候就穿越了非洲和欧洲。只有A项符合题意，答案A7. 单选题I would never have （ ）a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate.问题1选项A.sought forB.accounted forC.turned upD.resor
7、ted to【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。seek for“寻求，追求”；account for“对做出解释”；turn up “出现，发生”；resort to “依靠，求助于，诉诸”。句意：如果我没到如此绝望的地步，我是不会诉诸法律的。根据前后句意可知D项符合，答案D8. 单选题He said that ending the agreement would （ ）the future of small or family-run shops,lead to fewer books being published and increase prices of all but a few b
8、estsellers.问题1选项A.ventureB.exposeC.jeopardizeD.legalize【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。venture “冒险”；expose“揭露，揭发”；jeopardize “损害”；legalize “使合法化”。句意：他说，终止协议不利于小型或家庭式经营书店未来的发展，那样会减少图书出版量，而且会提高除部分畅销书以外全部图书的价格。由lead to可知是导致不好的结果，故空格处要填贬义词，答案C9. 单选题Mary was sure to win the prize. Her beauty and intelligence made her （
9、）from the candidates.问题1选项A.show offB.stand outC.appear upD.distinguish out【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。show off “炫耀”；stand out “突出，脱颖而出”； appear up“出现”； distinguish out “分辨出”。句意：Mary肯定能获奖。她的美丽和聪明将让她从候选者中脱颖而出。由前半句以及Her beauty and intelligence可知她的外貌和才智将使她从候选者中脱颖而出。答案B10. 单选题The（ ）in Janets character has hindered
10、her from advancement in her career.问题1选项A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。weakness“弱点，嗜好”；defect“不足，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺点，短处”； merit“优点”。句意：詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业的进步。由hinder “阻碍”可知性格方面的不足阻碍了她的进步。只有C符合题意。答案C11. 单选题Without the friction between the feet and the ground, people would （ ）be able
11、to walk.问题1选项A.in no timeB.by all meansC.in no wayD.on any account【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。in no time立即，马上；by all means无论如何；in no way 决不； on any account 无论如何。句意：如果脚和地面之间没有摩擦，那么人类不可能会走路。C项符合句意，答案C12. 单选题The London Marathon is a difficult race, （ ）thousands of runners participate every year.问题1选项A.ThereforeB.F
12、urthermoreC.AccordinglyD.Nevertheless【答案】D【解析】考查副词辨析。therefore “因此，所以”； furthermore “此外，而且”； accordingly “因此，于是”； nevertheless “然而”。句意：伦敦马拉松赛是一场艰难的比赛，然而每年有数千人参加。根据前后句关系可知D项正确，答案D13. 翻译题我们的国家走向现代化，最大的障碍，并不是资源问题，也不是资金问题，更不是技术问题，而是十几亿人口的素质问题。资金可以积累，技术可以创造，也可以引进， 但十几亿人口的整体素质是无法引进的，必须靠我们自己去提高。据约略估计，中国品牌约
13、占国内冰箱和洗衣机市场的90%,空调市场的70%-80%, 彩电市场的60%。在许多领域，产品质量有很大提高。中国一家主要的家电厂商，已经从价格转向以质量、高效销售和售后服务进行竞争。【答案】（1）On the way to modernization, the biggest obstacle to our country is not the shortage of natural resources, nor the lack of funds, still less the problem of technology, but rather the quality of over on
14、e billion people. Funds can be accumulated, technology can be created or imported, but the quality of such a large population, which cannot be introduced from abroad, should be improved on our own.（2）Its roughly estimated that Chinese brands approximately account for 90% domestic market share of refrigerators and washing machines, with 70% to 80% of air conditioners, 60% of color TVs. In many fields, the quality of Chinese brand products has improved greatly. A major Chinese manufacturer of home appliances has oriented it
