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1、2022年考博英语-中国农业科学院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题He（ ）the theory, the philosophy and the pattern that became the model for Lis own military forces later.问题1选项A.furnishedB.decoratedC.polishedD.meditated【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项furnish“提供”；B选项decorate“修饰”；C选项polish“使完美，完善”；D选项meditate“冥想”。根据题干可知，可推测这里应当填入一个表示完
2、成的动词，C选项符合题干内容。句意：他的理论，哲学和模式，成为后来李自己的军队的模型。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题An examination of the stages of his rise, the methods he employed to strengthen himself, and the institutional reforms he effected in order to maintain his power helps us（ ）the factors and dynamics of power within a bureaucratically dominated
3、society.问题1选项A.think ofB.account forC.considerD.weigh【答案】B【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项think of“想起”；B选项account for“解释，说明”；C选项consider“考虑”；D选项weigh“权衡”。根据前文通过利用某种方法，以及后文官僚统治的社会中权力的因素和动态，可以推测方法解释了这种因素，B选项正确。句意：通过对他成名阶段的调查，发现他用来加强自身实力的方法和为了维护其权利的体制改革帮助我们了官僚主义占主导的社会中的权利因素和权利力量。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题His office is（ ）to the Pres
4、idents; it usually takes him about three minutes to get there.问题1选项A.relatedB.adhesiveC.adherentD.adjacent【答案】D【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项related to“相关，有联系”；B选项adhesive to“粘合，黏附”；C选项adherent to“坚持于”；D选项adjacent to“邻近，毗邻”，句意：他的办公室离总统的很近，花大约三分钟就可以到，所以选D。4. 不定项选择题Severe drought in the 1970s and 80s, coupled with a
5、population explosion and destructive farming and livestock practices, was denuding vast swaths of land. The desert seemed determined to swallow everything. So Mr. Danjimo and other farmers in Guidan Bakoye，the Sahel, a semiarid belt that spans Africa just below the Sahara took a small but radical st
6、ep. No longer would they clear the saplings from their fields before planting, as they had for generations. Instead they would protect and nurture them, carefully plowing around them when sowing millet, sorghum, peanuts and beans.Today, the success in growing new trees suggests that the harm to much
7、 of the Sahel may not have been permanent, but a temporary loss of fertility. The evidence, scientists say, demonstrates how relatively small changes in human behavior can transform the regional ecology, restoring its biodiversity and productivity.In Nigers case, farmers began protecting trees just
8、as rainfall levels began to rise again after the droughts in the 1970s and 80s.Another change was the way trees were regarded by law. From colonial times, all trees in Niger had been regarded as the property of the state, which gave farmers little incentive to protect them. Trees were chopped for fi
9、rewood or construction without regard to the environmental costs. Government foresters were supposed to make sure the trees were properly managed, but there were not enough of them to police a country nearly twice the size of Texas.But over time, farmers began to regard the trees in their fields as
10、their property, and in recent years the government has recognized the benefits of that outlook by allowing individuals to own trees. Farmers make money from the trees by selling branches, pods, fruit and bark. Because those sales are more lucrative over time than simply chopping down the tree for fi
11、rewood, the farmers preserve them.The greening began in the mid-1980s, Dr. Reij said, “and every time we went back to Niger, the scale increased.”“The density is so spectacular.” he said.Mahamane Larwanou, a forestry expert at the University of Niamey in Nigers capital, said the regrowth of trees ha
12、d transformed rural life in Niger.“The benefits are so many it is really astonishing,” Dr. Larwanou said. “The farmers can sell the branches for money. They can feed the pods as fodder to their animals. They can sell or eat the leaves. They can sell and eat the fruits. Trees are so valuable to farme
13、rs, so they protect them.”They also have extraordinary ecological benefits. Their roots fix the soil in place, preventing it from being carried off with the fierce Sahelian winds and preserving arable land. The roots also help hold water in the ground, rather than letting it run off across rocky, ba
14、rren fields into gullies where it floods villages and destroys crops.One tree in particular, the Faidherbia albida, known locally as the gao tree, is particularly essential. It is a nitrogen-fixing tree, which helps fertilize the soil.Its leaves fall off during the rainy season, which means it does
15、not compete with crops for water, sun or nutrients during the growing period. The leaves themselves become organic fertilizer when they fall.47. The word “arable” in the third paragraph from the bottom can be substituted by（ ）.48. The denuding of vast swaths of land was not caused by（ ）.49. A small
16、change in human behavior can（ ）.50. Today the law has changed to（ ）.51. The benefits of trees to farmers does not include（ ）.52.（ ）is not an ecological benefit of the trees in rural Niger.问题1选项A.land incapable of growing cropsB.land capable of growing cropsC.land which is beneficial to vegetationD.land w
