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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergo, dramatic polarity reversala period when north pole becomes south pole and so
2、uth pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable?Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 meters of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements of magnetic-field intensity that spa
3、n 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable long term decline preceding each polarity
4、reversal. When the poles flipa process that takes several hundred thousand yearsthe magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kil
5、ometers beneath the earths surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 years ago. How and why they occur, however,
6、has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines
7、 from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid, geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earths inner physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.1. Which of the
8、 following titles is most appropriate to the passage?2. The word “flip” (Para. 2) most probably means _.3. What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research?4. The French geophysicists study is different from currently prevailing theories in _.5. In Peter Olsons opinion the French
9、experiment _.问题1选项A.Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of NatureB.Measurement of the Earths Magnetic-Field IntensityC.Formation of the Two Poles of the EarthD.A New Approach to the study of Geophysics问题2选项A.declineB.intensifyC.fluctuateD.reverse问题3选项A.Some regularity in the changes of the ear
10、ths magnetic field.B.Some causes of the fluctuation of the earths magnetic field.C.The origin of the earths magnetic field.D.The frequency of polarity reversals.问题4选项A.its identification of the origin of the earths magnetic fieldB.the way the earths magnetic intensity is measuredC.its explanation of
11、 the shift in the earths polarityD.the way the earths fluctuation rhythm is defined问题5选项A.is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earthB.has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversalsC.is certain to help predict external disastersD.has caused great confusion among
12、 the worlds geophysicists【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1. 【选项释义】Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage? 下面哪个标题最适合这篇文章？A. Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature A. 极性逆转：一种奇妙的自然现象B. Measurement of the Earths Magnetic-Field Intensity B. 地球磁场强度的测量C. Formation of
13、 the Two Poles of the Earth C. 地球两极的形成D. A New Approach to the study of Geophysics D. 地球物理学研究的新途径【答案】D【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】文章第一段提出一些地球现象；文中第二段讲到两位法国地球物理学家的突破性研究；文章最后一段讲这两位物理学家用新方法进行研究得出的结论引起了广泛争论并总结“如果结果被证明是有效的，地球物理学家将有一个新的理论来指导他们了解地球内部物理。为今后的研究指明方向。”综合全文，文章主要介绍了两位法国地球物理学家所作的开创性的研究及其在同行中引起的反响。因此选D。【干扰项排
14、除】A选项“极性逆转：一种奇妙的自然现象”，文中第一段提到该现象，但文章主要讲的是两位物理学家获得的突破性研究，该选项是对文章的片面概括，属于以偏概全；B选项“地球磁场强度的测量”，文中讲的是物理学家用新方法测量并引起争论，该选项是对文章的片面概括，属于以偏概全；C选项“地球两极的形成”，文中提及两极分化，但是是对文章的片面概括，属于以偏概全。2. 【选项释义】The word “flip” (Para. 2) most probably means _. 单词“flip”（第2段）的意思最可能是_。A. decline A. 下降B. intensify B. 加强C. fluctuate
15、C. 波动D. reverse D. 逆转【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 2与题干信息可定位到第二段“分析表明，强度似乎有一个清晰、明确的节奏波动。虽然磁场的强度在短期内不规则变化，但似乎在每次极性逆转（polarity reversal）之前都有一个不可避免的长期下降。当磁极翻转（poles flip）时这一过程需要数十万年磁场会迅速恢复其强度，循环往复。”根据上下文意思可推断，poles flip指的就是前面的polarity reversal。flip指的就是两级的逆转。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均与词义不符，属于曲解原文。3. 【选项释义】What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research? 这两位法国地球物理学家在他们的研究中发现了什么？A. Some regularity in the changes of the earths magnetic field. A. 地球磁场变化的一些规律性。B. Some causes of the fluctuation of the earths magnetic field. B. 地球磁场波动
