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1、2022年考博英语-煤炭科学研究总院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题As noted, among those who were cognitively normal at the start of the study, （ ） alcohol drinkers appeared to be protected against dementia.问题1选项A.moderateB.minimumC.mediumD.middle【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项moderate “有节制的”，B项minimum “最小的”，C项medium“中间的”，D项middle “
2、中等的”；句意：特别提到的是，在研究最初，认知正常，饮酒适度的人表现出对老年痴呆更好的防御能力。因此A选项正确。2. 单选题The （ ） for travelling without a ticket is 200.问题1选项A.penalB.panelC.panelizeD.penalty【答案】D【解析】考查形近词及词义辨析。A项形容词penal “刑事的、刑罚的”，B项名词panel “仪表盘、陪审团”，C项动词panelize “处罚、处刑”，D项名词penalty “罚款、罚金”；句意：长途旅行不买票罚款200镑。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题The producers refuse
3、d to even talk about residuals. They put forth a simple and （ ） question:Why should any employee be paid more than once for the same job?问题1选项A.compellingB.componentC.competentD.compulsive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项compelling “令人信服的，引人注目的”，B项component “组成的”，C项competent “有能力的”，D项compulsive “强制的”；句意：制片人甚至拒绝提到
4、剩余工资并提出了一个简单而又引人注目的问题：为什么雇主要为一次同样的工作付两次钱？因此A选项正确。4. 翻译题国家统计局（NBS）周五发布的2018年全国睡觉时间使用情况调查报告揭示了中国人平均每天的时间分配情况。这包括了他们的工作、睡觉、家务、休闲娱乐等不同活动。这项调查显示，低收入人群平均看电视的时间为每天1小时50分钟。这比中等收入人群多15分钟，比较高收入组多32分钟，比高收入人群多46分钟。国家统计局高级统计员金红表示，2008年和2018年的时间使用情况调查显示，中国人均生活质量有所改善。Section B Translate the following passage into
5、English.【答案】The 2018 National Survey Report on the Utilization of Bedtime, released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on Friday, revealed how Chinese people to allocate their dailys time averagely. This includes work, sleep, housework, recreation and other different activities. According to
6、 the survey, the average time of low-income group watching TV is 1 hour and 50 minutes a day, which is 15 minutes more than medium-income group, 32 minutes more than the high-income group and 46 minutes more than the high-income group. Jinhong, a senior statistician at the NBS, said that the quality
7、 of life per capita in China had improved, which was showed by the survey on situation of time utilization in 2008 and 2018.5. 单选题Put both vegetables into a bowl and （ ） with a potato masher.问题1选项A.crashB.crushC.clashD.crack【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项crash “碰撞”，B项crush “压碎”，C项clash “冲突”，D项crack “使破裂”；句意：把这两种
8、蔬菜都放进碗里，用捣土豆器捣碎。因此B选项正确。6. 单选题The discussion quickly （ ） into an angry argument.问题1选项A.deterioratedB.aggravatedC.increaseD.declined【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项deteriorate “恶化”，B项aggravate “加重、激怒”，C项increase “提高”，D项decline “拒绝”；句意：这场讨论迅速演变成愤怒的争吵。因此A选项正确。7. 单选题There is a risk that （ ） chemicals might be blasted
9、 into the atmosphere.问题1选项A.destructiveB.toxicC.evilD.vicious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项destructive “破坏性的、毁灭性的”，B项toxic “有毒的”，C项evil“邪恶的”，D项vicious “恶毒的”；句意：毁灭性的化学物质有在空中爆炸的危险。因此A选项正确。8. 单选题How come they have the freedom to disrupt and （ ） the torch relay, whereas Olympic-loving people have not the freedom t
10、o welcome the torch?问题1选项A.destructB.destroyC.sabotageD.damage【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项destruct “毁坏”，B项destroy “消灭”，C项sabotage “蓄意破坏”，D项damage “损害”；句意：难道只有破坏分子干扰破坏火炬传递的自由，就没有热爱奥林匹克运动的人们去欢迎火炬的自由吗？因此C选项正确。9. 写作题Directions: “Publish or perish” is well-known in the academic world. Do you agree or disagree with
11、 this view points. Please express your opinion in about 150 words.【答案】略10. 单选题Soil on the mountain slopes is very susceptible （ ） erosion.问题1选项A.ofB.toC.withD.by【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析及搭配。A项of “的”，B项to “到、朝、对于”，C项with “和”，D项by “由、被、到之前”；句意：山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蚀。be susceptible to “易受的影响”；因此B选项正确。11. 单选题The new polici
12、es will （ ） rather than help poor families.问题1选项A.hideB.hinderC.hintD.hind【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项动词hide “隐藏”，B项动词hinder “阻碍、打扰”，C项动词hint “暗示、示意”，D项形容词hind “后部的”；句意：新政策将阻碍而不是帮助贫困家庭。因此B选项正确。12. 单选题With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, its not only necessary, but also essential to hav
13、e a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. Putting a smile on someones face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps, as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart.How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, c
14、hild, co-worker, neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I dont know the person Im joking around with. My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was
15、the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy to speak to others that are around you.I know of a few people that dont have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit t
