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1、中考复习考点之八种时态一：复习目标1， 知识目标：了解和掌握初中英语学习要求掌握的八种时态；2， 能力目标：能够运用不同的时态描述或记叙身边的事物或发生的事情；3， 情感目标：通过时态的学习，比较英语和中文语言表达和习惯的不同，感受语言不同所体现的文化差异。二：复习重难点1，复习重点：感受八种时态的意义和用法；2，复习难点：运用正确的时态描述或记叙身边的事物或事情。三：学习过程：I忆翻译下列句子 Im busy now. I will talk to you after school this afternoon. _ Someone is knocking at the door. Can
2、you open it? _ -Are you going anywhere? -I thought about visiting my sister, but I have changed my mind. _ _ -Are you surprised at the ending of the movie? -No, because I have read the story. _ _II. 学1，一般现在时i概念：经常性或习惯性的动作或行为及现在的某种状况，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。ii时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week
3、 (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.iii基本结构：be动词；行为动词 iv否定形式：am/is/are+not; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 v一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首； 用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词vi. 用法： 表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或状态； 描述客观真理、客观存在或客观事实等； 在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。典例：如果宾语从句是描述客观事实，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要
4、用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.2, 一般过去时i概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 ii时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long lo ng ago, once upon a time, etc. iii基本结构：be动词的过去式； 行为动词过去式 iv否定形式：was/were
5、+ not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 v一般疑问句：was或were放于句首； 用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。vi用法：在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 E.g. Where did you go just now? 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 E.g. When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3, 一般将来时i概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 ii时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, mont
6、h, year ), soon, in a few minutes, by, the day after tomorrow, etc. iii基本结构：am/is/are+ going to do； will/shall + do. iv否定形式：am/is/are + not+going to do; will not /wont +do; shall not +do 。 v一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。vi用法：在含有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。 E.g. Ill write to you as soon as I
7、 arrive there.be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow?b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.一些表示位置移动的词，如come, go, start, arrive, fly, leave, move, stay等。E.g. Im leaving tomorrow. Ar
8、e you staying here till next week?4, 一般过去将来时i概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。 ii时间状语：the next day(morning, year), the following month(week), etc. iii基本结构：was/were+going to + do；would + do. iv否定形式：was/were+not + going to do;would + not do. v一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would 提到句首。vi用法：过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。E.g. I
9、 didnt know if he would come. = I didnt know if he was going to come.5，现在完成时i概念：现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系;或者表示动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示过去发生的动作或状态持续到现在。ii时间状语：recently, lately, already，since，for, in the past few years, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years,i
10、ii基本结构：have / has + done iv否定形式：have /has + not + done. v一般疑问句：have或has提前。 vi用法：现在完成时和一般过去时都可表示过去发生的动作，但现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果或表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况；而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，不和现在发生关系。 E.g. I have already finished my homework. (此时，我的作业已经做完了) I finished my homework yesterday evening. (我昨晚把作业做完了)短暂性(终止
11、性)动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，要把短暂性动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词，但在否定句中短暂性东西可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。短暂性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbe openclosebe closedbegin/startbe oncomebe here gobe therefinishbe over diebe deadcatch a coldhave a coldput onwearget upbe up wake upawakefall asleep be asleep losenot havejoin be inleavebe
12、awayarrive/reachbe E.g. Ive left school for ten years. (误) Ive been away from school for ten years. (正)比较since和forSince 用来说明动作起始时间，后跟时间点，或从句，但时态必须是一般过去时；for用来说明动作延续时间长度，后跟时间段。特别注意；两者的谓语必须是持续性动词。I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in this
13、 factory since 1949. since的四种用法1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago.3) since +从句 Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.4) It is +一段时间+ since从句It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.has / have gone to 到地方去了，人还没回来has /have been to 去过地方，人已经回来E.g. -Where is Jim? -He has gone to Wuhan.Jim has been to Wuhan twice.6, 过去完成时 (中考不考，只需了解)i概念：表示在过去
