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1、比较等级和比较结构大多数形容词和副词的比较级有：原级(positive degree)、比较级大多数形容词 和副词的比较级有：原级(positive degree)、比较级(comparative degree)最高级 (superlative degree) oI.规则形式1)单音节kindkinderkindestlargelargerlargestbusybusierbusiestbigbiggerbiggest2)三个或三个以上音节，比较级加more，最高级加 most：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifficultmore difficu
2、ltmost difficultinstructivemore instructivemost instructivecomplicatedmore complicatedmost complicated3)以-ly结尾的副词及某些频度副词clearlymore clearlymost clearlywiselymore wiselymost wiselyoftenmore oftenmost oftenII.不规则形式badworseworstgood/wellbetterbestolderolder/elderolder/eldestfarfurther/fartherfurthest/f
3、arthestmuchmoremostbadlyworseworsewellbetterbestm.练习：1. A 100-watt lamp shines brightly; a 150-watt lamp more brighter.2. The stone house is cool, but its basement is cooler.3. There are ten rather deep lakes near here; Green Lake is the deepest.4. The child was very young, but she was not the young
4、est in the family. Her sister was the youngest.5. The countryside here is lovely, but I think the region where I grew up is more lovely. Sometimes I think its the most lovely place in the world.6. He arrived late yesterday, but today he arrived a little earlier.m.比较结构主要有三种： as.as./ more.than./ the m
5、ost.1) as.as 结构它的基本模式是：as +形容词或副词+ as分句，例如：John is as bright as Bob.John behaves as politely as Bob(does).This box is as heavy as that one.This car runs as fast as that one.My handwriting is not as well as yours.Fresh water is as dear as oil.Well give you as much help as we can.这种比较结构的否定形式是：These en
6、gines are not so (as) powerful as those weve just made.John is not as / so bright as Bob.John doesnt behaves as / so politely as Bob(does).以上否定意义还可以用less.than结构表示，但不如not so/as.as普遍:John is less bright as Bob.John behaves less politely as Bob.2）more.than 结构它的基本模式是：形容词或副词比较级+ than-分句，例如：The car runs f
7、aster than that one.To die for the people is weightier than Mount Tai.He is more concerned about others than about himself.John is brighter than Bob.John behaves more politely than Bob.这种结构的否定形式用less.than表示：This parcel is less heavy than that one.The car runs less fast than that one.It takes less ti
8、me to go there by bus than by boat.（乘车比坐船快）more.than 的另一种模式是：more/ less/ fewer + n. + than-分句： She has written more essays than he.I have done more work his morning than he.I spent less money on clothing than my sister.There is less alcohol in this bottle than in that one.You have made fewer mistake
9、s in your homework than I have.There are fewer visitors today than yesterday.形容词比较级（一）一般句式的构成：A + is / are+形容词比较级+ than + BA是主格B是宾格如： She is taller than me.主格形容词比较级宾格（二）英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。1. 规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er （比较级），-est （最高级）【例】原级比较级最高级great greater greatest sma
10、ll smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest2）单音节如以e结尾，直接加-r （比较级），-st （最高级）【例】 fine finer finest / wide wider widest3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er （比较级），-est （最高级）【例】big bigger biggesthot hotter hottest red redder reddest4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er （比较级），-est （最 高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为
11、-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。【例】 careful more careful most carefuldifficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious2不规则变化原级比较级最高级 good/well better
12、best bad worse worst many/much more most little less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如：right, wrong, woolen等。形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。 【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai.李平比王海年纪大。 There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。二、形容词各等级的用法：1、原级(同级)比较：asas；not
13、as(so)as Well give you as much help as we can.She isnt as(so)active in sports as before.2、比较级：表示两者之间比更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用 of，in短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened
14、. He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在两者之间表示最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair 短语：John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、重点与难点：1、asas结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。Youre a boy as good as Tom.二Youre as good a boy as Tom.2、(1)tooto与sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只 有一个，而后者为复合句，
15、主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto与not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么笨。John is not so stupid as Mike.
