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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2005年中考英语语法复习大全一.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数 1.直接加s: maps, books, bags, days, boys, birds. 2.以辅音字母加y 结尾时变y为i加es: country-countries, factory-factories, baby-babies, family-families, 3.以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的单词加es: fox-foxes, dish-dishes, brush-brushes, bus-buses, class-classes, glass-glasses box
2、-boxes, watch-watches4.以o 结尾的加s, radio-radios, photo-photos, zoo-zoos, 但potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes必须加es5.以f, fe 结尾的单词变f 为v加es: wife-wives, half-halves, shelf- shelves, knife-knives, life-lives, thief-thieves,但reef必须加s.不规则变化为：sheep-sheep, fish-fish, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
3、, mouse-mice, man-men, woman-women, Frenchman-Frenchmen, Englishman-Englishmen, policeman-policemen, German-Germans, foot-feet, child-children, tooth-teeth. 不可数名词：work, homework, housework, time, knowledge, money, weather, fruit, food, rain snow, wind, ice, bread, porridge, orange, water, tea, rice,
4、 meat, news, paper, help, help, excuse 名词（借口，理由）, beef, cotton(棉花)， health, pork, salt, silk（丝绸） sand（沙子） space=room(空间) sugar, wood（木头） wool many=a lot of=lots of=a number of=numbes of许多，a few=several几个，few=not没有,跟可数名词。Much=a lot of=lots of=a plenty of许多，a little=a bit of一点，little=not没有，跟不可数名词注意: p
5、eople没有单数，是复数名词，persons=people; cloud云彩和chalk既可当可数名词又可当不可数名词。二.名词所有格是在名词后面加 s, 以 s结尾的加 ,另外人用s, 物用 of 如：Meimeis book , Bobs bike, the students of class, a picture of my family, a friend of Jimsthe students desks, Teachers Day教师节，Womens Day, Childrens Day, Lucy and Lilys room 路丝和利丽共有的房间，Jims and Toms
6、fathers吉姆和汤姆各自的父亲三.代词的用法:1.主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 作主语 2. 宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 用在动词和介词后作宾语 . 3.形容词性物主代词：my your, his, her, its, our your, their 后面必须跟名词 4. 名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours yours, theirs,5.反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourse
7、lves, yourselves, themselves,6.反身代词的搭配： teach oneself=learn by oneself(自学) 如: I teach myself English.=I learn English by myself. buy oneself sth. 如：He bought himself a pen.他为自己买了一支钢笔。 enjoy oneself=have a good timehelp oneself to some food( some drink) 自用食物和饮料，hurt oneself伤到自己，look after oneself, by
8、 oneself=alone独自，leave by oneself=leave alone把某人单独留下， 7.指示代词：this-these, that-those, this(that) is; these(those) are8.不定代词：代表人的有：everyone(body), someone(body), anyone(body), no one=nobody 代表物的有：everything , something , anything , nothing注意：（1）当单数用。如：Is everyone here? Something is wrong with my bike.
9、 Everything begins to grow. Is there anything cheaper? （2）另外something, someone用于肯定句，anything, anyone用于否定句和肯定句。 no=not any, nothing=not anything, nobody=not anybody=no one=not anyone 如：I can see nothing. =I can not see anything. There is nobody here.= There is not anybody here. (3)不定代词用形容词修饰时，要把形容词放在
10、后面。如：There is nothing serious.没有什么严重的。 There is something wrong with my radio.我的收音机没有毛病。 9. all_none用于三者以上，all（都）用复数，none（都没有）用单数和复数都行。它们代人代物都行。 如：All of the boys are in the room .= All the boys are in the rom .=The boys are all in the room .所有的男孩都在间 All of the animals are jumping=All the animals ar
11、e jumping.=The animals are all jumping.All of the meat is on the plates.=All the meat is on the plates.=The meat is all on the plates.None of the seats are / is mine. None of sheep is / are in the field. None of us have /has an egg . 10. both (都)_neither(二个都不)，用于二者，both表示肯定句，neither表示否定句。 如：They bot
12、h study French.=Both of them study French.肯定句Neither of them studies French. 否定句The girls are both at home.=Both of the girls are at home.肯定句 Neither of the girls is at home.否定句Both of the persons are doctors. 肯定句 Neither of the persons is a doctor.否定句Both of you do sports at school.肯定句 Neither of y
13、ou does sports at school.否定句We both have to stay on the farm. 肯定句 Neither of us has to stay on the farm.我们二个都不必呆在农场。Bothand 当复数用_neithernor根据第二个主语决定动词Both he and she get to school at six._ Neither he nor she gets to school at school.Both he and I are students._ Neither he nor I am a student.Both Lil
14、y and lucy often fly the kites._ Neither Lily nor Lucy often flies the kites.Eitheror（或者或者，二者中其中一个），动词也根据第二个主语决定。如：Either you or Ann has a glass of water.或者你或者我喝一杯水。 Either he or I am a worker.或他或我是一位工人。11.other(其他的)后跟名词复数, 没有地点的限定. 如:Some students are singing, other students are dancing. other stud
15、ents = othersthe other(后跟复数是其他的),有地点的限定. 如:Some students are writng in our class, the other students are reading. the other (后跟单数是两者中另外一个). 如: There are two girls , one is my sister , the other girl is his sister. another (后跟单数是另外一个),但不规定在两者用. 如:I have an apple, and I want another one. 2情态动词： can (could), may(might), must(must), should应该，have to(has to),不得不，be able to都跟动词原形。如：He can dance.=He is able to dance. 肯定句
