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1、设计总说明聚丙烯酸钠的应用极为遍及。在涂料、陶瓷、造纸、纺织产业用作颜料疏散剂； 在日用化工领域用作清洁剂成份。可用于墙体质料粘结剂、农药防漂散剂，且在生物方面对动植物蛋白的絮凝有特效作用。别的在石油产业的油田化学领域，用作钻井液的增粘剂、降滤失剂、粘土稳定剂等；还可用作酸化液、制药、扮装品等方面的增稠剂等等。聚丙烯酸钠合成要领主要有本体聚合、水溶液聚合、反相悬浮聚合、反相乳液聚合、微波合成及辐射合成等多种方法。通过查阅大量相关文献，进行网络与市场调研，选定了基于反相悬浮聚合要领来生产聚丙烯酸钠，将中和后的丙烯酸钠水溶液与由疏散介质和疏散稳定剂配制好的疏散液配合放入反响釜中，在引发剂的作用下进
2、行聚合反响至共沸脱水，反响后生成的殽杂物通过离心机疏散疏散介质与聚合物，再经热水洗涤撤除聚合物外貌的一些残留助剂，将疏散工序事后的聚合物进行干燥、计量包装等处理惩罚后，得到聚丙烯酸钠产物。凭据任务书的要求对生产条件进行了探讨，疏散剂种类、单体浓度、聚合温度对分子量的影响，搅拌转速的影响，中和度简直定，后处理惩罚工艺中疏散要领和干燥要领的选取，确定了以Span-60作为疏散剂，抽余油作为疏散介质，过硫酸铵作为引发剂，单体丙烯酸钠中和度为100% 来进行聚合反响，离心机疏散后，使用气流干燥机进行干燥。本设计范围为年生产聚丙烯酸钠1000吨，按全年330天，每天2班，一班8小时生产，一班可以生产两批
3、，每批产量为773.04 kg。并以此进行物料衡算、能量衡算和设备选型，并且进行了简单的经济概算，仅在第一年就可以盈利1444.45万元。尔后说明了宁静生产范例以及情况掩护步伐。IllustrationApplication of sodium polyacrylate is very extensive,it can be used as pigment dispersant in the paint, ceramics, papermaking, textile industry，a cleaning agent composition in daily chemical industry
4、,and the pesticide of wall materials and bleaching powder binder. Sodium polyacrylate has special effect on protein in Biology. In addition, it is used as tackifier, drilling fluid filtrate reducer, clay stabilizer in the oil field chemistry of petroleum industry,also it can be used for acidizing fl
5、uid, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other aspects of the thickener etc.Sodium polyacrylate can be synthesized by the bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, inverse suspension polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization, microwave synthesis and radiation synthesis etc. Through consulting a
6、number of literature, surfing on the internet and researching market, I use inverse emulsion polymerization to product sodium polyacrylate. There are Sodium acrylate solution that had been neutralized， dispersion medium and dispersant in the reactor, The polymerization reaction under the effect of i
7、nitiator will be carry on until azeotropic dehydration, the generated mixture will be separated of the polymer and remnant dispersion medium by the machine. Finally，the polymer transform into the completion by the post processing such as drying, metering and packing.The design according to the desig
8、n tasks are assigned the task of the book, the production conditions are discussed. The type of dispersant, monomer concentration, polymerization temperature effect on the molecular weight, the effects of stirring speed, determination the degree of neutralization, the selection of the separating met
9、hod and drying method in the end ensure that polymerization reaction is implemented through using Span-60 as dispersant, raffinate oil as dispersing medium, ammonium persulfate as initiator, sodium acrylate whose neutralization degree is 100% as monomer. After that, separating by using the centrifug
10、e, drying by airflow dryer.The scale of the design for the sodium polyacrylate is1000 tons per year，according to 330 days a year，2 shift a day, 8 working hours a shift, they can produce two batches in a shift, the yield of each batch is 773.04kg. Then mentioned safety production standardization and
11、the measure of environmental protection.Professor XuChunHua, guiding by the director originally, had submitted a lot of valuable and positive suggestions, had helped me to raise the design mass. Here, I express my sincere thanks to them. Throughout the design process, I had a comprehensive understan
12、ding of their production process. According to my professional knowledge, combined with the learning experience, flexible application, laid a basis for future work related.Because of the wide range of knowledge of the design of Polyacrylate sodium process, and my knowledge and experience is limited.
13、 So having design errors and anything wrong with that, I urge marking teacher criticism.目录1前言12聚丙烯酸钠的概述12.1聚丙烯酸钠性能22.2聚丙烯酸钠的分类2低分子量聚丙烯酸钠2高分子量聚丙烯酸钠32.3聚丙烯酸钠的应用32.4聚丙烯酸钠国内外生长状况及生长前景43聚丙烯酸钠生产工艺63.1聚丙烯酸钠的聚合要领6水溶液聚合6反相乳液聚合6微波法6辐射聚合7反相悬浮聚合74聚合历程中工艺条件简直定84.1疏散剂及其助疏散剂对分子量的影响84.2引发体系的选择及其浓度对分子量的影响84.3交联剂对分子量
14、的影响94.4单体浓度对分子量的影响94.5聚合温度对分子量的影响104.6聚合升温控制对聚合稳定性的影响104.7搅拌转速的影响114.8中和度的选取114.9疏散要领的选择124.10干燥要领的选择125聚丙烯酸钠的生产工艺135.1生产工艺135.2生产原料以产物指标146工艺衡算146.1物料衡算146.2热量衡算18配碱工序19中和工序20聚合反响工序217设备选型237.1釜的选择23配碱釜的选择23中和反响釜的选择25疏散介质调配釜的选择26聚合反响釜的选取28釜体夹套尺寸简直定307.2疏散设备337.3干燥设备337.4泵的选型348生产工艺流程图359设备一览表3610车间
15、设计3610.1车间设备摆设的原则3610.2车间设备平面摆设的原则3710.3车间摆设图3711经济概算3811.1原料估算38原料用量38原料用度3911.2其他用度3911.3利润估算4012生产宁静与情况掩护4012.1设计依据4012.2环保治理步伐41预期效果41环保治理及监测42绿化表面42劳动宁静、产业卫生与消防42致谢 43参考文献44年产1000吨聚丙烯酸钠车间工艺设计391 前言随着我国丙烯酸产业的迅速生长，对丙烯酸下游产物的研究不绝深入，应用范畴不绝扩大。聚丙烯酸钠盐是丙烯酸盐类中最重要、应用最广、最有代表性的产物，聚丙酸钠盐中含有大量亲水基团，它易溶于水，形成的水溶液是一种高分子电解质。聚丙烯酸钠水溶液具有良好的离解性、较理想的润湿性、保水性和成膜性(浸渍或涂布时)，同时还具有耐温性强、冻融稳定性、机器稳定性、以及经长期贮存后其粘度无明显变革等特点。聚丙烯酸钠的分子量从几百至几千万以上，变革幅度很大，差别分子量的聚丙烯酸钠可以用作种种百般的目的和用途。超低分子量(700以下)的用途还未完全开发出来；低分子量(1000-5000)时，主要起疏散作
