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1、定语从句专题导学案开心自测1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once grew2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _ many people have gone home.A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time3
2、. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A. it B. that C. this D. which5. When he was working there he caught a serious ill
3、ness from _ efforts he still suffers.A. which B. that C. whose D. what6. Its said that hes looking for a new job, one _ he can get more money to support his family.A. when B. where C. that D. which7. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.A. which B. that C. whose D. when8. The l
4、ittle time we have together well try _ wisely.A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that9. The old building, behind _ was a famous church, was _ we used to work.A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, a
5、nd some other places, _ other visitors seldom go.A. what B. which C. where D. when11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, _ the country became united.A. when B. if C. since D. until12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A. once they grew B. they gre
6、w once C. that once grew D. once grew一、定语的概念： 定语是用来修饰名次或代词的。比如：(先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) a beautiful girl（ ）three boys （ ）a shoe factory（ ） Jims father ( ) our teacher ( )the man in the car （ ）the man standing at the door（ ）the man who is talking with Sam （ ） 二、定语从句的概念及主要特征：1定语从句：修饰某一名词或
7、代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.2. 定语从句的主要特征：（1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分；（2）what永远不能引导定语从句；（3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“.的” 三、定语从句的基本用法：定语从句(I): 由关系代词that, which， who, whose引导的定语从句。定语从句: 修饰名词或代词，在句子中充当定语成分的从句。先行词: 被
8、定语从句修饰的词。关系代词: 引导定语从句的词，如that, which， who, whom， whose等，它们指代先行词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。定语从句的三个步骤：第一，找出先行词；第二，看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作主语、宾语、定语或状语）；第三，选择合适的关系代词或关系副词。一、关系代词that, which，who, whose引导定语从句的基本用法：1that, who（在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人）, whom三者都可指代人，在定语从句中，that作主语或宾语；who作主语，也
9、能作宾语；whom只能作宾语，作宾语的关系代词可以省略。e.g. He is the teacher that/who teaches us English.He is the teacher (that/who/whom) we want to visit.2that, which指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时也可以省略。e.g. He has many books that/which are very interesting.3. whose只用作定语, 可指代人和物。若指物，它还可以与of which互换。e.g. They rushed over to help the
10、man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.=Please pass me the book of which the cover is green.二、下面几种情况下必须用that，而不用which引导定语从句：(1) 先行词为不定代词，如all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等。如：1.We should do all that is useful to the people .(2) 先行词
11、被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。如：(3) 先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。如：1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake. (4) 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。如：1.This is the best that can be done now. (5) 先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如：1.The writer and his novel that you have just t
12、alked about is really well known . (6) 被修饰词为数词时. 如：1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .(7) 如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。如：1.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
13、(8) 疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。如：1. Which is the book that you like best?三定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:(1) 当关系代词的前面有介词时. 如：1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?(2) 在非限制性定语从句中. 如：1.Crusoes dog, which was are now very old,
14、 became ill and died .2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)(3) 在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which . 如：1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.(4) 当关系代词后面带有插入语时. 如：1. Heres the English grammar which, as I have told you, will he
