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1、2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The prisoner was（ ）of his civil liberty for three years.问题1选项A.dischargedB.derivedC.deprivedD.dispatched【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。 discharge 卸下，放出； derive from 源自；deprive丧失，剥夺； dispatch 派遣，分派。 句意：这位囚犯被剥夺了三年的个人自由。C项符合句意。答案C。2. 单选题When it comes to teaching（ ）, many pare
2、nts believe that if they teach their children and treat them kindly, the kids will know how to behave.问题1选项A.mentalityB.moralityC.complicatedD.majority【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。mentality 心理，智力；morality道德，品行，美德；complicated 复杂的； majority 多数。句意：说到道德教育，许多家长相信如果他们温和地教育孩子，对待孩子，孩子们就知道如何守规矩了。下文提到的内容属于道德品行范畴，故B项符合题意。答
3、案B3. 单选题I was awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half hour nap （ ）me.问题1选项A.revivedB.releasedC.relievedD.recovered【答案】A【解析】考查近义词辨析。revive使恢复体力（或精力、活力等）；release释放，发布； relieve缓解，减轻； recover恢复健康。 句意：我下班回家的时候非常累，但睡了半小时后我又有精神了。由but可知前后句为转折关系，前半句提到“非常疲劳”，后半句句意应与之相反，再从“a half hour nap”可推知睡半小时后恢
4、复了体力。故A项正确。答案A4. 单选题When Tasuma first came to the U.S. from Japan, he wasnt sure he could （ ）into American culture, but after a few months, he felt at home here.问题1选项A.absorbB.transformC.digestD.assimilate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。 absorb吸引，理解； transform 改变，转换；digest消化，吸收； assimilate使同化，吸收。句意：当Tasuma笫一次从日本来到美
5、国时，他不确信自己能融入美国文化，可是过了几个月，他在那里就感觉像在自己家似的。由“buthe felt at home here.”可知空格处意为“他不确定自己是否可以融入美国文化。”答案D5. 单选题The（ ）in Janets character has hindered her from advancement in her career.问题1选项A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。weakness“弱点，嗜好”；defect“不足，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺点，短处”； merit“优点”。句意：詹妮
6、特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业的进步。由hinder “阻碍”可知性格方面的不足阻碍了她的进步。只有C符合题意。答案C6. 单选题Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert （ ）it means standing in a queue all night.问题1选项A.as ifB.even ifC.providedD.whatever【答案】B【解析】考查连词辨析。as if “好像”；even if “即使，尽管”；provided “假如，倘若”；whatever “无论什么”。句意：即使要排一整晚的队，罗德也决心要买到演唱会的票。根据前后
7、句意可判断是让步关系，故B项符合，答案B7. 单选题The use of sound is widespread as （ ）of animal communicate on.问题1选项A.a meansB.waysC.a toolD.signals【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。a means方法，手段；ways方法，道路，方向； a tool工具； signal信号，标志。句意：声音被广泛地用作动物交流的手段。由is 单数可直接排除B项与D项；声音应该是动物交流的一种手段而不是工具。答案A8. 单选题In spite of the （ ）economic forecasts, manufa
8、cturing output has risen slightly.问题1选项A.gloomyB.miserableC.shadowyD.obscure【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。gloomy暗淡的，悲观的； miserable悲惨的；shadowy朦胧的，有阴影的；obscure模糊的，晦涩的。句意：尽管经济前景暗淡，但是制造业产量却略有上升。由in spite of 及risen可知，前后为让步关系，故该空应与risen意思相反，并且能修饰经济前景的只有A项。答案A9. 翻译题Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong，have
9、governed my lifethe longing for love，the search for knowledge, and the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first
10、, because it brings ecstasyecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of living for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfatho
11、mable lifeless abyss.I have sought it finally，because in the union of love I have seen the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, at last. I have found.One fairly common reason is that parents ove
12、rindulge their children out of a sense of guilt. Parents who both hold down full-time jobs may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children and may attempt to compensate by showering them with material possessions. Other parents overindulge because they want their childre
13、n to have everything they had while growing up, along with those things the parents yearned for but didnt get. Still others are afraid to say no to their childrens endless requests for toys for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed if they dont have the same playthings thei
14、r friends have.The British are the most voracious newspaper readers in the world. They read newspapers at breakfast: they walk to the bus reading a newspaper: they read newspaper on the bus, as they go to work: and on the way back home, after work, they are engrossed in an evening newspaper. There a
15、re many morning papers, both national and provincial. The most famous is The Times. Contrary to what many foreigners believe, this is not a government newspaper. The various newspapers usually have their own views on politics, but they are not organs of the political parties. Bold headlines and a variety of photographs are features of British press. Some newspapers, such as the sober Daily Telegraph and th
