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1、广东工业大学硕士学位论文（工程硕士）AOP技术研究及其在软件开发中的应用二八年十一月A Dissertation Submitted to Guangdong University of Technology for the Degree of Master of EngineeringThe Research of Aspect-Oriented Technlogy and Application of Software DevelopmentMasters Degree.Candidate： Cai YanminSupervisor： Prof. Zhang LichenNov 2008S
2、chool of Software EngineeringGaungdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou， Guangdong， P. R. China， 510090摘要摘要软件工程的主要目标是改善软件质量，减少软件产品的成本，便于维护和进化。为了实现这些目标，软件工程师们不断寻找开发技术和方法，以减少软件的复杂度，提高可理解性和可重用性，同时促进演化。尽管在软件工程领域内已经有许多好的研究成果，但仍然存在一些问题使得软件工程复杂化。软件的易理解性会随着时间而降低，软件产品只具有有限的重用性，或重用起来很困难，在不同的制品之间的可跟踪性也是受限的。目前
3、的软件开发方法己经不能很好处理横切关注点的模块化问题，所以就导致面向方面编程AOP（Aspect-Oriented Programming）和面向方面的软件开发方法AOSD （Aspect-Oriented Software Development）的出现。面向方面编程是一种支持分离横切关注点的技术，表达了更高层次的抽象，能更有效地模块化系统的横切关注点。面向方面软件开发方法是贯穿于需求分析、系统分析、实现和测试全过程的面向软件开发的整体方法。本文将讨论AOP技术及其在软件开发过程中的应用。本文在借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上，重点研究基于用例的面向方面软件开发方法，引入面向方面用例建模，介绍
4、如何基于用例捕获关注点和实现关注点分离，还尝试将研究的内容应用一个远程教育系统中。本文主要要完成的工作如下：首先，本文将介绍了课题的研究背景、对面向方面的国内外研究现状进行总结和剖析，提出了本课题的主要研究内容。其次，介绍AOP技术发展、AOP技术基本概念，同时介绍AOP程序开发的步骤，并对AOP技术及其支持工具的语言机制进行比较。接着，分析目前开发软件的方法及存在的不足，同时引入面向方面软件开发方法（AOSD），介绍其基本思想，提出一种基于用例的过程模型，介绍AOSD的发展现状，还阐述AOSD的优点及存在的问题。然后，AOSD建模研究，介绍UML建模语言及其扩展机制，引入面向方面用例建模，介
5、绍如何基于用例捕获关注点和实现关注点分离。最后是尝试将面向方面软件开发方法和相关技术引入到一个系统的开发过程中，给出了一个应用的过程，特别是针对异常处理、日志管理和权限验证方面进行了分析。关键字：AOP，关注点，AOSD，UML建模语言，面向方面用例建模IAbstractAbstractThe major goal of Software Engineering is to improve software quality and reduce the cost of software products for the maintenance and evolution. In order t
6、o achieve these goals，software engineers look for the developing technologies and methods constantly which can reduce the complexity of the software，improve intelligibility and reusability，promote evolution at the same time. Although the field of software engineering has many good research results，b
7、ut there are still some issues make software engineering complex. The softwares understanding reduces over time.Software products have only limited reusability and are very difficult to reuse. The traceability is also limited between different products. The current method of software development has
8、 been unable to deal with cross-cutting concerns of the modular，so led to the aspect-oriented programming AOP （Aspect-Oriented Programming）and aspect-oriented software development method AOSD（Aspect-Oriented Software Development）appearance. Aspect-oriented programming is a technique for separation o
9、f cross-cutting concerns with expressess higher abstraction.It is more effective method to modulalize the cross-cutting concerns of software. Aspect-oriented software development method is a whole process that run through the requirement，software design，realization and software testing.This article
10、will discuss the AOP technology and its application of software development.Based on relevant studies in this field, this article primarily studies the use-case AOSD. At the same time, this article will introduce the UML Modeling Language and tell you how to capture concerns based on use case and ac
11、hieve separation of concerns. And then make an application process using the studied methods and technologies.Main tasks of this chapter: First of all， this article will introduce the background of the research，sum up ，analyse the reasearch situation ，and put forward the major tasks of this research
12、. Secondly， this article will introduce AOP technology development，AOP technology basic concepts，and will introduce AOP development s steps at the same time. The language mechanism of AOP technology will be analysed and compared deeply. Then，this article will analyse the shortcomings of current soft
13、ware development methods and put forward the aspect-oriented software development method （AOSD）. This article will introduce its basic idea. And I will put forward a use-case development model. And its developing situation，and its advantages and problems will be introduced. Then， study the AOSD mode
14、ling.This chapter will introduce the UML Modeling Language， and its extented mechanism.Futhermore，capture concerns based on use case and achieve separation of concerns will be introduced.Finally，I will try to make an application process using aspect-oriented software development methods and technolo
15、gies. Analyse particularly aspects，such as the exception handling，log management and authority to verify.Keywords: AOP，Concerns，AOSD，UML Modeling language，aspect-oriented modeling with use cases目录目录第一章 绪论11.1 选题背景和研究意义11.2 国内外研究状况的分析21.3 论文的组织3第二章 AOP技术研究42.1 AOP技术发展42.1.1现有软件技术的不足42.1.2 AOP的出现62.1.3 AOP与OOP的比较92.2 AOP的基本概念92.2.1连接点92.2.2切入点102.2.3通知102.2.4类型间声明112.2.5方面122.2.6编织132.3 AOP程序设计的步骤142.4 AOP支持工具的比较152.4.1语法的区别152.4.2连接点模型的区别162.4.3编织方式的区别172.4.4 AspectJ的特点182.5本章小结19第三章 面向方面软件开发方法（AOSD）研究203.1 AOSD基本思想203.2基于用例的AOSD过程模型
