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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In spite of my repeated apologies, she never forgave me for my（ ）her private affairs.问题1选项A.potential forB.expertise ofC.intrusion intoD.injection into【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项potential for“有潜能/可能”；B选项expertise of“专业技能/知识”；C选项intrusion into“侵入，侵犯，侵扰”；D选项injection int
2、o“注射，注入”。由private affairs（隐私）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：尽管我一再道歉，但她不会原谅我侵犯了她的隐私。2. 单选题Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the var
3、ious dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels （吟游歌手）and mercenaries（雇佣兵）, metal-smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan（部落）system, based mostly on their tr
4、aditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for man. But on my travels among them most
5、still referred to themselves as Gypsies.In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy （异端）in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behavior in their nomadism（流浪）. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright cloth
6、es, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery. It wasnt until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and per
7、haps half a million perished in the Holocaust （大屠杀）.Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized（消除）, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families.But the Gypsies have confounde
8、d predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group and their numbers have burgeoned (迅速成长).Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continents largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been underco
9、unted, both by regimes anxious to downplay (不予重视)their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies hav
10、e expressed no great desire for a country to call their own unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. “Romanestan” said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, is where my two feet stand.”1.Gypsies are united only when they（ ）.2.In history hostility to Gypsies in Europe resulte
11、d in their persecution by all the following EXCEPT（ ）.3.According to the passage, the main difference between the Gypsies and the Jews lies in their concepts of（ ）.4.Which of the following is NOT true about the history of the Gypsies?问题1选项A.are engaged in traditional craftsB.call themselves RomaC.li
12、ve under a clan systemD.face external threats问题2选项A.the EgyptiansB.the stateC.the churchD.the Nazis问题3选项A.languageB.cultureC.identityD.custom问题4选项A.The origin of the Gypsies can only be guessed from their language.B.Europeans had thought that the Gypsies originated from Egypt.C.Some people had thoug
13、ht that the Gypsies might disappear as a distinct nationality.D.There was once a country of the Gypsies in northern India.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies（只有在非吉普赛人的威胁面前才能真正团结起来）可知D选项“面对外部威胁”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In Europe their pe
14、rsecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behavior in their nomadism. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust.（在欧洲，非吉普赛人对他们的迫害开始得很
15、快，教会认为他们的算命行为是异端邪说，而政府认为他们的游牧生活是反社会行动。在更近的历史中，吉普赛人被陷入纳粹党歇斯底里的种族迫害中，大约50万人死于大屠杀）可知吉普赛人受到了教堂、政府以及纳粹的迫害，因此选A。3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their ownunlike Jews（除了极少数例外，吉普赛人并没有表达出对一个国家的强烈愿望不像犹太人那样）可知吉普赛人与犹太人的主要区别在于对身份的认同，因此选C。4.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago（从他们的语言罗曼语的各种方言中的线索可知，一千年前他们从印度北部来到中东）可知D选项“印度北部曾经有一个吉普赛人国家”表示不正确，只能推测吉普赛人从印度北部而来。3. 单选题Chinas（ ）cultural heritage
