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1、名词性从句专题一主语从句、表语从句 一、主语从句1. 定义：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子。2位置：主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而从句本身放在主句后 面。3. 主要知识点：（1）引导词：主语从句由从属连词that,whether等，连接代词what,whatever,which,who等， 以及连接副词how,when,why,where等引导.（2）常见用法及考点： 主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前，而从句本身放在主句后面。例句分析：That everything in the world changes was often a theme in poetry of
2、the Romantic Movement.世界上万物都是变化的，这通常是浪漫主义运动诗歌中的主题。What the Mayans are most famous for art their palaces and their pyramid-temples.玛雅最著名的是他们的宫殿和金字塔庙。That he will come to the party is certain.他会来参加派对是可以肯定的。注:that/what的区别:what有一定的意义，表示“什么，.的东西”相当于the things which， that 只起连接作用，没有任何意义。 由形式主语it代替，而从句本身放在主
3、句后面。例句分析：It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.众所周知，许多美国人很喜欢吃。通常在口语或非正式文体中，that常可省略，但必须是在用先行词it的情况下，如: Its a pity （that） you are leaving. 由wh-疑问词引导：从句既可以前置，又可以借助于先行词it后置。Who cleaned the meeting room is unknown.不知道是谁打扫了会议室。Its still a question when we shall have our sports meet.我们将会在
4、什么时候举行运动会还是个问题。It is uncertain whether he will come.他是否会来还不确定。实战演练：1. beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A. Whom B. Whoever C. WhoD. What2. is not known yet.A. When she has gone B. Where she has gone C. How did she leave D. Why did she go3. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, o
5、ur astronauts desire to do is walk inspace. A. whereB. what C. thatD. how4. man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.A. Which B. How C. What D. That5. matters much the headmaster supports our activity.AIt; whether BWhat; whether CAs; that DThat; if6. Premier Wen Jiabao visited
6、 the United States led to the closer relationship betweenthe two countries.AWhich BWhat CThat DAs7.It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.Aas Bwhich Cwhether Dthat8. The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich9. It
7、is still under discussionthe old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotelor not.AwhetherBwhenCwhichDwhere10. Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom11. It was never clear the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. thatB. howC. whenD. wh
8、y二、表语从句1. 定义：在复合句中充当表语成分的句子。用来说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容 词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。2. 位置:一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”，它位于主句中的连系动词之后3. 主要知识点：（1）引导词：引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though（if）；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whicheve 等；关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, whe
9、rever等0（ 2 ）常见用法及考点： 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。例句分析：The trouble is that we are short of money 困难是我们资金短缺。That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。At that time, itseemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出
10、一个恰当的字眼来。 由从属连词 that，whether 引导的表语从句。That在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、是否”这时主句的主语常 常是些抽象名词，如question（问题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题），result（结果），chance（可 能性），suggestion建议），idea（想法），reason（理由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释， 使主语的内容具体化。例句分析：The trouble is （that） she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。The question is whether we
11、 needmore ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。What she couldnt understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。由关系代词引导的表语从句。关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever
12、, whichever等弓丨导 表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。例句分析：The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。（关系代词作主语）The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。（关系代词作主语）Thats what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。（关系代词作宾语）Thats what we should do.那是我们应该做的。（关系代词作主语） 由关系副词弓导的表语从句。关系副词 when, where, why, how,
13、however, whenever, whereve等。例句分析：Go and get your coat. Its where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。例句分析：It
14、 looked as if it was going to snow 看起来好像要下雪了。Thats because we never thought of it这是因为我们从未想过此事。It seems as if he didnt know the answer好像他不知道答案。实战演练：1.The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he failed is he was too careless.A. because B.
15、 that C. for D. because of3. The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get4. What I want to know is he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. ifC. whether D.不填5. The reason isI missed the bus.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what6. That is we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what7.She looked sh e were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though8. I fell sick!I think it is you are doing too much.A. whyB
