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1、2022年考博英语-中国海洋大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Since the first brain scanner was constructed several years ago, computed tomography or computed medical imagery, has become fairly widely used, its rapid acceptance is due to the fact that it has overcome several of the drawbacks of conventional X-ray technolog
2、y.To begin with, conventional two-dimensional X-ray pictures cannot show all of the information contained in a three-dimension object. Things at different depths are superimposed, causing confusion to the viewer. The computer is able to reconstruct pictures of the bodys interior by measuring the var
3、ying intensities of X-ray beams passing through sections of the body from hundreds of different angles. Such pictures are based on series of thin slices,In addition, conventional X-ray generally differentiates only between bone and air, as in the chest and lungs. They cannot distinguish soft tissues
4、 or variations in tissues. The liver and pancreas are not discernible at all, and certain other organs may only be rendered visible through the use of radiopaque dye. Since computed tomography is much more sensitive, the soft tissues of the kidneys or the liver can be seen and clearly differentiated
5、. This technique can also accurately measure different degrees of X-ray absorption, facilitating the study of the nature of tissue.A third problem with conventional X-ray methods is their inability to measure quantitatively the separate densities of the individual substances through which the X-ray
6、has passed. Only the mean absorption of all the tissues is recorded. This is not a problem with computed tomography. It can accurately locate a tumor and subsequently monitor the progress of radiation treatment, so that in addition to its diagnostic capabilities, it can play a significant role in th
7、erapy.1.Conventional X-rays mainly show the difference between （ ）.2.What kind of view is made possible by contiguous cross sections of the body?3.It can be inferred from the passage that，compared to conventional X-ray techniques, computed tomography is more（ ）.4.What is the authors attitude toward
8、this new technique?5. According to the passage, computed tomography can be used for all of the following EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.bone and airB.liver and pancreasC.muscle and other body tissuesD.heart and lungs问题2选项A.Two-dimensionalB.Three-dimensionalC.AnimatedD.Intensified问题3选项A.compactB.rapidC.economicalD
9、.informative问题4选项A.CautiousB.TolerantC.EnthusiasticD.Critical问题5选项A.monitoring a patients diseaseB.diagnosing disordersC.locating tumorsD.reconstructing damaged tissues【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。第三段指出: In addition， conventional X-ray generally differentiates only between bone and air,
10、as in the chest and lungs (另外，传统X光射线通常只能在骨头和空隙之间做出区分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A项“骨头和空隙”。2.判断推理题。题干问的是:身体相邻交叉部位可能成什么样的像？第二段指出: To begin with, conventional two-dimensional X-ray pictures cannot show all of the information contained in a three-dimension object. Things at different depths are superimposed, causing c
11、onfusion to the viewer (首先，传统的二 维X光射线成像不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑),因此B项 “三维的”正确。3.判断推理题。题干问的是:和传统X光射线相比,计算机断层扫描更加。第二段指出: To begin with, conventional two-dimensional X-ray pictures cannot show all of the information contained in a three-dimension object. Things at different depths a
12、re superimposed, causing confusion to the viewer (首先，传统的二维 X 光射线成像 不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑), The computer is able to reconstruct pictures of the bodys interior by measuring the varying intensities of X-ray beams passing through sections of the body from hundreds of different ang
13、les (计算机断层扫描可以 通过测量从数百个不同角度穿过身体截面的X线的强度变化来重新构建身体内部的图像)。由此可知D项“能提供更多信息”正确。4.观点态度题。文章通篇在讲计算机断层扫描相比传统X光射线的优点。最后一句话指出: It can accurately locate a tumor and subsequently monitor the progress of radiation treatment, so that in addition to its diagnostic capabilities, it can play a significant role in ther
14、apy (它（即计算机断层扫 描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者对于断层扫描的态度是肯定的。故选C。5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词computed tomography定位至最后一段: It can accurately locate a tumor and subsequently monitor the progress of radiation treatment, so that in addition to its diagnostic capabilities, it can play a significa
15、nt role in therapy (它（即计算机断层扫描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。因此A项“监控患者的疾病”,B项“诊断疾病”和C项“定位肿瘤位置”都正确。故选D。2. 单选题Mr. Morgan can be very sad（ ），though in public he is extremely cheerful问题1选项A.in personB.in privateC.by himselfD.as individual【答案】B【解析】句意:尽管在公共场合非常高兴，但是在私底下Morgan先生可能非常伤心。考查短语辨析。in person亲自,本人; in private 私底下; by himself靠他自己; as individual作为个人。因此B符合句意。3. 单选题The report （ ）seven areas where the Government had a responsibility.问题1选项A.purifiedB.specifiedC.regardedD.labeled【答案】B【解析】句意:这份报告列举了政府负有责任的七个领
