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1、2022年考博英语-厦门大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that _the speakers stopped for deferments.问题1选项A.at largeB.at intervalsC.at easeD.at random【答案】B【解析】at large详尽的, 整个的; at intervals不时, 时时; at ease安逸, 自由自在; at random随机地, 随意地。句意：讨论时间持续了很久, 使人精疲力竭, 发言者时不时停下来拖延时间。选项B符合句意。
2、2. 单选题Some anthropologists claim that a few apes have been taught a rudimentary sign languages, but skeptics argue that the apes are only_their trainers.问题1选项A.imitatingB.condoningC.instructingD.acknowledging【答案】A【解析】imitating模仿, 效法; condoning宽恕, 赦免; instructing指导, 教; acknowledging承认, 答谢。句意：一些人类学家声称
3、, 一些猿类已经学会了基本的手语, 但持怀疑态度的人认为, 猿类只是在模仿它们的驯兽师。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题The president striking an_tone on Israeli Palestinian relations after a week of ideal meeting with leaders from both sides of the conflict.问题1选项A.outlandishB.optimisticC.jurisdictionalD.sacramental【答案】B【解析】outlandish偏僻的, 古怪的; optimistic乐观的; j
4、urisdictional司法的, 司法权的; sacramental圣礼的,神圣的。句意：总统在与巴以冲突双方领导人进行了一周令人满意的会晤后, 对巴以关系发表了乐观的看法。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题The senator of New York courted black voters,considered crucial to_the Democratic presidential nomination, in a series of campaign stops.问题1选项A.confiningB.securingC.tamperingD.pervading【答案】B【解析】conf
5、ine限制; secure保护,固定; tamper干预,削弱; pervade遍及。句意：这位来自纽约的参议员在一系列竞选活动中设法争取黑人选民的支持, 黑人选民被认为是确保民主党总统候选人提名的关键。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. The Americans divide these are
6、as somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh,the two being in opposition in the life of a human being. Ideally,spirit should prevail but all too often it is the flesh that does prevail. The Japanese make no such division, at least between one as good and the other as evil. They believe that a person ha
7、s two souls,each necessary. One is the gentle soul, the other is the rough soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul, sometimes he must use his rough soul. He does not favor his gentle soul,neither does he fight his rough soul. Human nature in itself is good,Japanese philosophers insist,and a
8、human being does not need to fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese consists in fulfilling ones obligations to others. Happy endings,either in life or in fiction,are neither necessary nor expected,since the fulf
9、illment of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts. And duty includes a persons obligations to those who have conferred benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. He develops through this double sense of duty a self-discipline which is at once permissive a
10、nd rigid,depending upon the area in which it is functioning.The process of acquiring this self-discipline begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birthhow early the Japanese child is given his own identity! If I were to define in a word the attitude of the Japanese toward their childre
11、n I would put it in one succinct word. Love? Yes,abundance of love, warmly expressed from .the moment he is put to his mothers breast. For a mother this nursing of her child is important psychologically.Rewards are frequent,a bit of candy bestowed at the right moment,an inexpensive toy. As time come
12、s to enter school, however, discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is the greatest shame for the child.What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think,in the fact that the aim of all teaching is the establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and
13、 over,and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and tempered to the childs tender age. It is no less gentle as time goes on,but
14、 certainly it is increasingly inexorable.Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect upon what I learned there. What, I wonder,will take the place of the web of love and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan? 1.According to Japan
15、ese belief a child is born（ ） .2.The training of the Japanese child can best be described as（ ） .3.In the teaching of self-discipline the Japanese emphasize （ ） .4.The Japanese idea of virtue is（ ） .5.To the Japanese,the aim of existence is（ ） .问题1选项A.basically goodB.amoral, neither good nor evilC.with two souls which are in combat with one anotherD.in sin问题2选项A.a system of rewards and punishmentsB.frequent disciplining which becomes more inexorably severe as the child grows olderC.benevolen
