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1、Unit9 The Travel and Hospitality Industry旅游与酒店餐饮业英语班级： 2B4 专业：旅游管理 成员：杨海凤 学号10451040222 成员：陈玉婷 学号10451040223 成员：冯雯吉 学号10451040206成员：朱晓云 学号10451040112Text A The tourist industryThe tourist industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in modern times. Indeed, the growth rate of tourism has
2、generally exceeded the growth rate for the worldwide economy. Sometimes it seems as though a new resort area springs up every day wherever there sun and sea. The shores of the Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas and the Pacific coastlines of Mexico, Florid, and Hawaii are only a few of the areas that h
3、ave been intensively development in recent years.The purpose of tour and travel varies. Some people travel entirely for the purpose of recreation or pleasure; they are people on holiday. Some people travel for reasons of health. Other people travel to visit friends or relatives, a reason that has be
4、come more important because of increased mobility throughout the world. Still others travel in order to educate themselves in accord with the old precept that travel is broadening. All of these people are generally considered tourists since the primary reason for their trips is recreation. Tourist s
5、tatistics also include people who are traveling on business. Among them are business people and government official on specific missions, as well as people attending meetings or conventions, who often combine pleasure with their work.The marketing approach for the two major divisions among touristre
6、creational travelers respond to a greater degree to lower fares and other inducements in pricing and selecting the destination for their trips. In a technical phrase, they make up a price elastic market. The business groups, on the other hand, make up a price inelastic market. Their trips are not sc
7、heduled according to lower fares, the destination is determined in advance, and the expense is usually paid by their employers. They are looking for dependable rather than inexpensive service. Business travelers also make more trips to large cities or industrial centers than to resort areas, althoug
8、h many conventions are now held at resort hotels. It should be noted, however, that some large cosmopolitan cities are themselves the most important tourist destinations in the world. Because of this, it is difficult to separate pure recreation travel from business travel. The development of tourism
9、 as a mass industry depends on modern means of rapid and inexpensive transportation. For example, the greatest growth in international tourism has paralleled the growth of air transportation. Industrialization has produced the other conditions that are necessary for tourism. Among them is the creati
10、on of a large number of people with an amount of disposable incomeincome above and beyond what is needed for basic expenses such as food, shelter, clothing, and taxes. Another important condition is urbanization. Generally, residents of the big population centers take more holiday trips than residen
11、ts of rural areas. Long weekends and paid vacations are among other important conditions for the development of modern tourism. In some countries, the cost of the holiday for employees is subsidized partly or wholly by government, unions, or employers. Tourism benefits not only airlines, hotels, res
12、taurants, and taxi drivers among others, but also many commercial establishments and even the manufacturers of such varied items as sunglasses, cameras, film, and sports clothing.One of the principal reasons for encouraging a tourist industry in many developing countries is the so-called multiplier
13、effect of the tourist dollar. Money paid for wages or in other ways is spent not once but sometimes several times for other items in the economy, such as the food and housing that tourist employees need. Another attraction of the tourist industry for the developing countries is that it is labor-inte
14、nsive, a common feature of service industries. Indeed, the tourist industry is not a single entity, but one that consists of many different kinds of enterprises that offer different services to the traveler, including transportation, accommodations, catering, guiding and interpretation.Text A 旅游业当今社
15、会，旅游业已成为增长最为快的行业之一。确实，旅游业增长率已经超过了世界经济增长率，度假旅游区在任何有阳光与海岸的地方如雨后春笋般地涌现，如地中海和加勒比海海岸和墨西哥太平洋海岸。佛罗达州、夏威夷州只是几个在最近几年集中发展的地区。旅行或旅游的目的多种多样。一些人去旅游地的主要目的是娱乐。他们是度假的人。一些人旅游是为了健康。其他一些人旅游时为了摆放朋友和亲戚。一个越发重要的原因那就是全球流动性的增加。与老人告诫的旅游是拓宽自己一样，现在仍然有其他一些人旅游为了教育自己。所有的这些人都由于他们旅游的最基本原因是娱乐而被认为是旅游者。旅游者的数量也包括为做生意而出行的人。他们其中有商人和有特殊任务
16、的政府官员，也包括常把娱乐和工作相结合的参加会议的人。对于这两种主要的旅游者区分-消遣性和商务性游客-市场营销渠道是有所不同的。消遣性的游客在定价和选择出行的目的地时更倾向与低廉的费用与其他的诱因。用专业的说法，他们构成一个价格弹性市场。商务游客刚好相反，他们构成了一个无价格弹性的市场。他们的旅行不是按照低廉的费用来计划的，目的地已经提前确定，而且费用通常由他们的雇佣者来付。他们要求的是可靠而不是低廉的服务。商务旅游者会更多的去大城市或行业中心旅行而不是旅游度假区，虽然很多会议在度假酒店里进行。然而，应该说明的是，一些世界性的大城市本省就是世界上重要的旅游目的地，鉴于此，很难将纯粹的消遣旅游与商务旅游分开来。作为一个工业化时代，旅游业的发展是依赖于现在的便捷而低廉的交通方式
