《StrategicDecisionMakingPracticesAndOrganization战略决策的实践和组织》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《StrategicDecisionMakingPracticesAndOrganization战略决策的实践和组织（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE: A CONCEPTUAL PERSPECTIVE OF MALAYSIAN ORGANIZATIONSMuhammad Hasmi Abu Hassan AsaariUniversiti Sains Malaysiahasmiusm.myRazli Che RazakUniversiti Utara Malaysiaraz1152uum.edu.myAbstractStrategic decision making has been viewed as an im
2、portant aspect among managers in an organization. Managers are required to make strategic decisions that have an impact on their organizations performance. This conceptual paper will give an overview of strategic decision making in the context on Malaysian environment.INTRODUCTIONOrganizations perfo
3、rmance has been measured substantially based on their profit achievement. None of any organizations wanted to have losses being marked for their business operations during the given accounting period. Thus managers in the organizations were urged to make profit in the course of business operations,
4、and at the end of their business accounting period. This profit achievement will be the benchmark for the board and top management to recognize their managers efforts in making profitable business arrangements and deals.Behind those profits, managers have to make strategic decisions in charting thei
5、r organizations path in achieving its objectives as directed by the board and top management. Managers needed substantial information in order for them to make a sound business decisions. Although, the managers had substantial information prior to make decisions, they may not come up with the right
6、or perfect strategic decision making for the organizations. Thus, these poor business operations will be reflected in the companys profit and loss account. Nevertheless, managers made decisions affecting the organization daily and communicate those decisions to other organization members (Zaleznik,
7、1989 and Main & Lambert, 1998 in Certo, 2003).As stated by Astley and Van de Ven (1983 in Burke and Steensma, 1998) that decision makers have significant influence on a firms performance. Thus, the focus of this paper is to evaluate the strategic decision making practices among managers toward organ
8、izations performance. Profile of managers and strategic decision making practices will be generated and evaluated. Moreover, this paper will give the insight of strategic decision making practices among managers in the Malaysian organizations. How do mangers exercise their strategic decision making
9、practices in relation to the organizations performance?LITERATURE REVIEWSManagerial FunctionsBased on Henry Fayols definition, managerial functions are identified by planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling (Robbins and Coulter, 2005). Thus strategic decision makings are invol
10、ved in mangers during the operations of an organization. Managers have to make thousands of strategic decisions in order to keep their organization in the pace of business.Due to globalization era, managers have to think and act fast in order to capture all business opportunities. Meanwhile, they al
11、so have to eliminate, and if not mitigate, the level of threats toward their organization. Thus, managers strategic decision makings are crucial to the survival of the organization. Robbins and Coulter (2005) stated that decision is part of managerial functions. Further, decision making is important
12、 in a managers job.Behavioral Decision TheoryNutt (1976) stated that behavioral decision theory (BDT) has faced validity of satisficing and serial search do seem to portray the behavior of decision makers. Moreover, Wildavsky (1966; in Nutt, 1976) stated that decision makers do not know what they wa
13、nt because they do not know what they can get. March (1958; in Nutt, 1976) found that decision making as practiced in organizations is a serial process and that satisficing is used as a decision rule. Conrath (1970; in Nutt, 1976) stated that the decision maker is also influenced by uncertainty; as
14、uncertainty increases, so does search time, care of evaluations, and resources allocated to the search process. Finally, BDT model seems to describe what skillful decision makers often try to do when grappling with complex decisions (Nutt, 1976).Strategic Decision MakingBy definition, decision makin
15、g is the process through which managers identify organizational problems and attempt to resolve them (Bartol & Martin, 1994). Crook, Ketchen, and Snow (2003) stated that the purpose of strategic management research is to help find ways to improve their performance. Further, strategic decision making
16、s are those that determine the overall direction of an enterprise and its ultimate viability in light of the predictable, the unpredictable, and the unknowable changes that may occur in its most important surrounding environments. They ultimately shape the true goals of the enterprise (Mintzberg & Quian, 1991).Pearce and Robinson (1997) underlined the characteristics of strategic decision making as corpora
