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1、2022年考博英语-江苏大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题It is unfair to _ from these two incidents and say that all young people are bad drivers.问题1选项A.deduceB.generalizeC.minimizeD.transfer【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. deduce推论；推断 B. generalize概括；归纳C. minimize使减少到最低限度 D. transfer转移；搬迁【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“从这两件事中得出_并说所有的年轻人都是糟糕的司机
2、是不公平的”可知，空格处是指从事件中得出的定论或者概论，而这个定论是不太准确的，generalize指一些在大多数情况下或对大多数人来说似乎是正确的事情，但在所有情况下可能不是完全正确的，故该题选择B项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A项是指根据现有的真实信息或证据推断出正确的结论，不符合句意；C、D项不符合句意。【句意】从这两件事中得出结论说所有的年轻人都是糟糕的司机是不公平的。2. 不定项选择题Junk food is everywhere. Were eating way too much of it. Most of us know what were doing and yet we do
3、it anyway.So heres a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how its displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症) assume that people consciously and rationally choose what
4、and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that dont assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substancelike
5、 foodof which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of peoples behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Den
6、sity restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol arent handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, bein
7、g presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that arent primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiti
8、ng alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you cant buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where theyre easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shel
9、ves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.1. What does the author say about junk food?2. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to contr
10、ol obesity?3. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?4. What is the purpose of Californias rule about alcohol display in gas stations?5. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?问题1选项A.Its temptation is too strong for people to res
11、ist.B.It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C.People should be educated not to eat too much.D.It causes more harm than is generally realized.问题2选项A.They should be implemented effectively.B.They provide misleading information.C.They are based on wrong assumptions.D.They help people make ra
12、tional choices.问题3选项A.Few people are able to resist alcohols temptations.B.There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C.Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D.Easy access leads to customers over-consumption.问题4选项A.To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B.To get alcoh
13、ol out of drivers immediate sight.C.To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.D.To prevent possible jams in nearby areas.问题5选项A.Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B.Enhancing peoples awareness of their own health.C.Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D.Resorting to e
14、conomic, legal and psychological means.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】1. What does the author say about junk food? 1. 关于垃圾食品，作者说了什么？A. Its temptation is too strong for people to resist. A. 它的诱惑太大了，人们无法抗拒。B. It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation. B. 尽管名声不好，但它仍被广泛食用。C. People shou
15、ld be educated not to eat too much. C. 人们应该被教育不要吃得太多。D. It causes more harm than is generally realized. D. 它造成的危害比人们普遍认为的要大。【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容“垃圾食品到处都是。我们吃得太多了。我们大多数人都知道自己在做什么，但我们还是做了。”可知，垃圾食品对人们的诱惑力实在是太强，以至于人们无法抵挡，A项“它的诱惑太大了，人们无法抗拒”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“尽管名声不好，但它仍被广泛食用”中的ill reputation（名声不好）没有提到，该项属于无中生有；C项“人们应该被教育不要吃得太多”和D项“它造成的危害比人们普遍认为的要大”也没有提到，这两项属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】2. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity? 2. 兰德公司的研究人员对许多控制肥胖的政策措施有何看法？A. They should be implemented ef
