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1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The first ancient Olympics were held in 776 B.C. The games got their name from Olympia, the Greek city where they took place. Like the summer Olympics of today, the ancient Olympics were held every four years.Thousands of people from all over the Greek world c
2、ame to watch. The main stadium held about 45,000 people. “We have accounts of visitors and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site.” Lisa Cerrato of Tufts University said.During the first Olympics, there was only one competition-a 200-meter race. But over time the games grew to include wrestli
3、ng, racing, boxing, and other sports. Women were not allowed to compete, but they had their own separate games.“The ancient athlete became celebrities, just like today. They often lived the rest of their lives being treated to free dinners.” Cerrato said, “City-states even tried to steal away each o
4、thers athletes by offering them various awards.”The ancient Olympics existed until A. D. 393. But the modem Olympics are still going strong.1.Where did the ancient Greeks hold their first Olympics?2.How did researchers know that ancient Greeks rushed to watch the Olympics?3.What did women do since t
5、hey were not allowed to participate in the Olympics?4.The ancient athletes must have felt honored when they （ ）.5.It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that （ ）.问题1选项A.In Athens.B.In Olympics.C.In a town.D.In a state.问题2选项A.Thousands of people came to watch.B.The main stadium was not big enou
6、gh.C.Many of them were visitors and pilgrims.D.They have found the related record of events.问题3选项A.They stayed at home doing nothing.B.They organized protests in the city.C.They had their own games.D.They set up tents around the site.问题4选项A.completed in a 200-meter raceB.wrestled with each otherC.re
7、ad the accounts of the gamesD.received the treatment of free dinners问题5选项A.city-states competed with each other to win the OlympicsB.the ancient athletes liked to celebrate their victoriesC.free dinners were offered during the competitionD.awards were often stolen to honor the athletes【答案】第1题:C第2题:C
8、第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.根据第一段：The game got their name from Olympia, the Greek city where they took place.运动会得名于它的举办地一奥林匹亚，它是希腊的一个城市。确定C选项正确2.根据第二段：“ we have accounts of visitors and pilgrims .”确定C选项他们中许多是参观者和朝圣者正确。A选项数以千计的人来参观与题意不符。B选项主体育场不够大，文中提到体育场可容纳45,000人，与原文不符。D选项他们己经发现了有关运动会的记录文中未提及。3.根据文章第三段：Wo
9、men were not allowed to compete, but they had their own separate games.女性不允许参加比赛，但是她们可以有自己单独的比赛，确定C选项她们有她们自己的比赛正确。A选项她们呆在家里，什么也不做和B选项她们在城里组织抗议文中没有提及。D选项她们在比赛场地周围搭建帐篷与参观者与朝圣者搭建帐篷不符合，排除。4.根据第四段：The ancient athletes became celebrities, just like today. They often lived their rest of their lives being t
10、reated to free dinners.古时候的运动员就如同当今的大腕一样。他们经常终生可以享受免费就餐的待遇，确定D选项享受免费就餐的待遇正确。A选项参加200米竞赛是比赛项目，不符合题意。B选项彼此较劲和C选项阅读比赛记录文中未提及。5.根据第四段：City-states even tried to steal away each others athletes by offering them various awards.”各城邦试图通过提供各种优厚福利来按对手的运动员，确定A选项各城邦为了在奥运会中获胜，彼此互想竞争正确。B选项古时候的运动员喜欢庆祝胜利文中未提及。C选项比赛中
11、提供免费就餐与原文不符。D选项经常盗取奖赏以奖励运动员与原文不符。2. 单选题The health-care economy is replete with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or provider and purchaser or consumer in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the
12、economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Where circumstances permit the buyer no choice because there is effectively only one seller and the product is relatively essential
13、, government usually asserts monopoly and places the industry under price and other regulations. Neither of these conditions prevails in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and
14、 consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician一and even then there may be no real choiceit is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday,” whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It
15、is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the ailment is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctors judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is
