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1、2022年考博英语-中共中央党校考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题That would cause an outcry and add several percentage points to inflation, and could easily check spending and （ ）the recovery in its cradle.问题1选项A.impelB.stageC.strangleD.invigorate【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。impel “趋使，推动”；stage “筹划，举行”；strangle “绞杀，使窒息”；invigorate “鼓舞”。句
2、意：这将引起强烈的抗议，并且使通货膨胀增加几个百分点，而且会控制消费，使复苏在摇篮中就被扼杀。选项C符合题意。2. 翻译题The freedom of art is more than an ideal. If, despite the small chance of success, the profession of artist is so popular, it is because it offers the prospect of a labor that is apparently free of narrow specialization, allowing artists,
3、like heroes in the movies, to endow work and life with their own meanings. Equally for the viewers of art, there is a corresponding freedom in appreciating the purposeless play of ideas and forms, not in slavishly attempting to divine artists intentions, but in allowing the work to elicit thoughts a
4、nd sensations that connect with their own experiences. The wealthy buy themselves participation in this free zone through ownership and patronage, and they are buying something genuinely valuable; the state ensures that a wider public has at least the opportunity to breathe for a while the scent of
5、freedom that works of art emit.Yet there are reasons to wonder whether free trade and free art are as antithetical as they seem. Firstly, the economy of art closely reflects the economy of finance capital. In a recent analysis of the meaning of cultural dominance, Donald Sassoon explored patterns of
6、 import and export of novels, opera, and films in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Culturally dominant states have abundant local production that meets the demands of their home markets, importing little and successfully exporting much. In the nineteenth century, France and Britain were the d
7、ominant literary powers. The US is now by far the most dominant cultural state, exporting its products globally while importing very little.As Sassoon points out, this does not mean that everyone consumes American culture, just that most of the culture that circulates across national boundaries is A
8、merican.Sassoon rules fine art out of his account on the sensible grounds that it has no mass market. It is hard to read trade figures for signs of cultural dominance in a system that is thoroughly cosmopolitan, so that you have a German collector buying through a British dealer the work of a Chines
9、e artist resident in the US. We can, however, get an idea of the volume of trade in each nation, and, given the high proportion of international trade in the art market, this does give an indication of global hegemony. Here there are striking parallels with the distribution of financial power. It is
10、 hardly surprising that the US is dominant, accounting for a little less than a half of all global art sales; Europe accounts for much of the rest, with the UK taking as its share around a half of that.【答案】艺术的自由不仅仅是一种理想。尽管成功的几率很小，艺术家这个行业很受欢迎，这是因为它提供了一种劳动前景，这显然摆脱了专业狭隘化的限制，让艺术家像电影里的英雄一样，赋予自己工作和生活的意义。同
11、样地，对于艺术欣赏者来说，在欣赏无目的的艺术思想和形式时也有一种相应的自由，而这种欣赏不是盲目地试图揣测艺术家的意图，而是让作品激发他们与个人自身经历相关的想法和感觉。然而，我们有理由怀疑自由贸易和自由艺术是否和它们看起来那样相反。首先，艺术经济严密地反映了金融资本经济。文化占主导地位的国家拥有丰富的当地文化，能够满足国内市场的需求，因而可以少引进，多出口。正如Sassoon指出，这并不意味着每个人都要消费美国文化，只是大多数跨国界传播的文化都是美国文化。Sassoon挑选好的艺术作品是经过自己理智考虑的，在于它有没有巨大的市场。在一个完全国际化的体系中，很难从贸易数据中判断文化是否处于主导地
12、位。所以，可能存在这样的情况，一位德国收藏家从一个英国商人那里买到了一位华裔艺术家的作品。然而，了解每个国家文化产品的贸易量，鉴于一个国家艺术产品在整个艺术市场所占的比例，可以判断出这个国家的文化艺术品是否处于国际领导地位。下面是一些有关于金融大国比例分配惊人的相似点。3. 翻译题It is also clear from his account who is responsible for misrepresenting this threat: the media and politicians. Thoughout this work, he scolds both. Politicia
13、ns, we are told, “amplify the threat for their own political gains and mislead the public into misunderstanding terrorism and prefer appearing tough on terrorism to effectively combating it at home”. He argues that media reporting is significantly flawed and hysterical and suggests that the media an
14、d politicians seldom pass up any opportunity to manipulate and sensationalize news events. The combination of these two factors is a great inflation of the terrorist theat in the United States, resulting in popular hysteria. The focus on the threat to the West is understandable in some waysit is the
15、 threat to ones own state that the media and politicians are concerned with and attempt to mitigate.【答案】【参考译文】从他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是谁歪曲了这一威胁：媒体和政客。在这篇文章中，他斥责了两者。他说，政客们为了自己的政治利益而放大威胁，误导公众对恐怖主义产生误解，比起在国内有效打击恐怖主义，他们更愿（仅仅）表现出一副强硬态度。他认为媒体报道有明显的缺陷且很滑稽，并暗示媒体和政客很少错过任何操纵和渲染新闻事件的机会。这两个因素结合在一起大大地夸大了美国的恐怖主义威胁，导致了大众的谈
16、虎色变。对西方的威胁的关注度在某种程度上是可以理解的媒体和政客们关注并试图减轻的是对自己国家的威胁。4. 单选题He had a clear picture of a sad and lonely man, deeply concerned about his health which seemed to promise only a fairly rapid decline into （ ）.问题1选项A.convalesceB.recoveryC.senilityD.relapse【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。convalesce “渐渐恢复”；recovery “恢复”；senility “衰老，老态龙钟”；relapse “复发，恢复原状”。句意：他很清楚地了解到一个悲伤孤独的老人，非常关心自己的身体健康状况，这种
