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1、ANSYS User GuideChapter 1. Getting Started with ANSYS1.1. Performing a Typical ANSYS AnalysisThe ANSYS program has many finite element analysis capabilities, ranging from a simple, linear, static analysis to a complex, nonlinear, transient dynamic analysis. The analysis guide manuals in the ANSYS do
2、cumentation set describe specific procedures for performing analyses for different engineering disciplines. The next few sections of this chapter cover general steps that are common to most analyses.A typical ANSYS analysis has three distinct steps: 1. Build the model.2. Apply loads and obtain the s
3、olution.3. Review the results.1.2. Building a ModelBuilding a finite element model requires more of your time than any other part of the analysis. First, you specify a jobname and analysis title. Then, you use the PREP7 preprocessor to define the element types, element real constants, material prope
4、rties, and the model geometry.1.2.1. Specifying a Jobname and Analysis TitleThis task is not required for an analysis, but is recommended.1.2.1.1. Defining the JobnameThe jobname is a name that identifies the ANSYS job. When you define a jobname for an analysis, the jobname becomes the first part of
5、 the name of all files the analysis creates. (The extension or suffix for these files names is a file identifier such as .DB.) By using a jobname for each analysis, you ensure that no files are overwritten.If you do not specify a jobname, all files receive the name FILE or file, depending on the ope
6、rating system. You can change the default jobname as follows: By using the initial jobname entry option when you enter the ANSYS program, either via the launcher or on the ANSYS execution command. From within the ANSYS program, you can use either of the following: Command(s): /FILNAME GUI: Utility M
7、enu File Change Jobname The /FILNAME command is valid only at the Begin level. It lets you change the jobname even if you specified an initial jobname at ANSYS entry. The jobname applies only to files you open after using /FILNAME and not to files that were already open. If you want to start new fil
8、es (such as the log file, Jobname.LOG, and error file Jobname.ERR) when you issue /FILNAME, set the Key argument on /FILNAME to 1. Otherwise, those files that were already open will still have the initial jobname. 1.2.1.2. Defining an Analysis TitleThe /TITLE command (Utility Menu File Change Title)
9、, defines a title for the analysis. ANSYS includes the title on all graphics displays and on the solution output. You can issue the /STITLE command to add subtitles; these will appear in the output, but not in graphics displays.1.2.1.3. Defining UnitsThe ANSYS program does not assume a system of uni
10、ts for your analysis. Except in magnetic field analyses, you can use any system of units so long as you make sure that you use that system for all the data you enter. (Units must be consistent for all input data.)For micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), where dimensions are on the order of micron
11、s, see the conversion factors in System of Units in the ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide.Using the /UNITS command, you can set a marker in the ANSYS database indicating the system of units that you are using. This command does not convert data from one system of units to another; it simply serves
12、as a record for subsequent reviews of the analysis.1.2.2. Defining Element TypesThe ANSYS element library contains more than 150 different element types. Each element type has a unique number and a prefix that identifies the element category: BEAM4, PLANE77, SOLID96, etc. The following element categ
13、ories are available:BEAMCIRCUitCOMBINationCONTACtFLUIDHF (High Frequency)HYPERelasticINFINiteINTERfaceLINKMASSMATRIXMESHMulti-Point ConstraintPIPEPLANEPRETS (Pretension)SHELLSOLIDSOURCe SURFaceTARGEtTRANSducerUSERVISCOelastic (or viscoplastic)The element type determines, among other things: The degr
14、ee-of-freedom set (which in turn implies the discipline - structural, thermal, magnetic, electric, quadrilateral, brick, etc.) Whether the element lies in 2-D or 3-D space.BEAM4, for example, has six structural degrees of freedom (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ), is a line element, and can be modeled
15、in 3-D space. PLANE77 has a thermal degree of freedom (TEMP), is an 8-node quadrilateral element, and can be modeled only in 2-D space.You must be in PREP7, the general preprocessor, to define element types. To do so, you use the ET family of commands (ET, ETCHG, etc.) or their GUI path equivalents;
16、 see the ANSYS Commands Reference for details. You define the element type by name and give the element a type reference number. For example, the commands shown below define two element types, BEAM4 and SHELL63, and assign them type reference numbers 1 and 2 respectively.ET,1,BEAM4ET,2,SHELL63This table of type reference number versus element name is called
