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1、2022年考博英语-华东交通大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Gregory Currie, a professor of philosophy eat the University of Nottingham, recently argued in The New York Times that we ought not to claim that literature improves us as people, because there is no “compelling evidence that suggests that people are morally or
2、 socially better for reading Tolstoy” or other great books.Actually, there is such evidence. Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University in Canada, and Keith Oatley, a professor of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto, reported in studies published in 2006 and 2009 that individuals w
3、ho often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people, empathize (起共鸣)with them and view the world from their perspective. This link persisted even after the researchers factored in the possibility that more empathetic individuals might choose to read more novels.Recent research
4、in cognitive science, psychology and neuroscience has demonstrated that deep reading of books is a distinctive experience, very different from the information-driven reading we do on the Web. Although deep reading does not, strictly speaking, require a conventional book, the built-in limits of the p
5、rinted page are uniquely conducive to the deep reading experience. A books lack of hyperlinks allows the reader to remain fully immersed in the narrative, without having to make such decisions as whether to click on a link or not.That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich
6、 in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity, by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if the scene were unfolding in real life. The emotional situations and moral dilemmas that are the stuff of literature are also vigorous exercise for t
7、he brain, propelling us inside the heads of fictional characters and even increasing our real-life capacity for empathy.This is not reading as many young people are coming to know it. Their reading, mostly done onscreen, is pragmatic and instrumental. If we allow our children to believe reading onsc
8、reen is all there is, we will have deprived them of an enjoyable and enlightening experience that will enlarge them as people. Instead molding our education around young peoples attachment to digital devices and onscreen habits, we need to show them some place theyve never been to, a place only deep
9、 reading can take them to.1. Prof, Gregory Currie argues that（ ）.2.The studies of Raymond Mar and Keith Oatley show that（ ）.3.Deep reading of paper books compared with reading on the web（ ）.4.It can be learned from the passage that the author（ ）.问题1选项A.literature doesnt show peoples moral or social
10、standardsB.only good literature shows peoples moral and social valuesC.reading fiction wont improve people morally or sociallyD.only reading great books benefits people morally and socially问题2选项A.empathetic people are more likely to read novels oftenB.empathetic people have a better perspective on t
11、he worldC.reading fiction encourages people to be more persistentD.reading fiction helps people understand others better问题3选项A.requires readers to do more careful thinkingB.enables readers to stay absorbed in the storyC.gives readers many links to other materialsD.allows readers to choose their futu
12、re reading问题4选项A.supports use of digital devices in classroomB.prefers reading onscreen to reading paper booksC.takes a positive approach to education reformsD.holds a negative attitude toward reading onscreen【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。 根据题干定位到文章首段，“recently argued in The New York Times tha
13、t we ought not to claim that literature improves us as people, because there is no “compelling evidence that suggests that people are morally or socially better for reading Tolstoy or other great books.”最近在纽约时报上提出，我们不应该声称文学提高了我们作为人的水平，因为没有“令人信服的证据表明，阅读托尔斯泰或其他伟大著作的人在道德上或社会上更优秀”。A选项“文学不能体现出人们的道德和社会水平”
14、，B选项“只有好的文学可以体现人们的道德和社会水平”，C选项“阅读小说不会提高人们的道德或社会地位”，D选项“只有读伟大的书籍，才能使人在道德和社会上受益”。因此，C选项符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第二段的第二句话“individuals who often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people, empathize (起共鸣)with them and view the world from their perspective.” 人经常读小说似乎能更好地理解他人,与他们起共鸣,从他们
15、的角度看待这个世界。A选项“具有同理心的人更有可能经常阅读小说”，B选项“有同理心的人对世界有更好的看法”，C选项“读小说能使人更有毅力”, D选项“读小说可以帮助人们更好地理解别人”。因此，D选项符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第三段，“A books lack of hyperlinks allows the reader to remain fully immersed in the narrative, without having to make such decisions as whether to click on a link or not.”一本书没有超链接，读
16、者可以完全沉浸在叙述中，而不必决定是否点击链接。A选项“要求读者做更细致的思考”，B选项“使读者在故事中保持专注”，C选项“给读者提供许多其他材料的链接”，D选项“允许读者选择未来的读物”。因此，B选项符合题意。4.观点态度题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段,“If we allow our children to believe reading onscreen is all there is, we will have deprived them of an enjoyable and enlightening experience that will enlarge them as people.”如果我们允许我们的孩子相信在屏幕上阅读就是一切，我们就剥夺了他们一种愉快而有启发性的体验，而这种体
