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1、2022年考博英语-西南交通大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题We enjoyed the holiday （ ） the expense.问题1选项A.exceptB.except forC.besidesD.in addition to【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。A、B、C、D四个选项都有“除之外”的意思，但C项与D项表示的意思包括“除去的部分”；而A项与B项表示的意思不包括“除去的部分”；所以可以根据题干意思可以排除C、D两个选项。另外由于the holiday与the expense的主语不是同一个，而except 后面接的词应与前面共用主语，所以本题应该选择
2、B项。句意：除费用外，我们都很享受这个假期。2. 单选题Id（ ）his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.问题1选项A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out【答案】A【解析】句意:我会考虑到这个地区其他农民和商人对他的评价，然后决定是否批准贷款。考查短语辨析。take into account 考
3、虑;重视;体谅;account for 对负有贵任：对做出解释;说明的原因；make up for 补偿；弥补；make out辨认出;说明;填写;设法应付。动词短语的宾语是his reputation(对他的评价)，因此A项符合句意。3. 单选题（ ）of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.问题1选项A.To be freeB.To freeC.FreeingD.Freed【答案】D【解析】句意:摆脱了冰块的负担之后，气球向上朝南方飘去。语法题。考查非谓语动词。句子的后半部分已经完整，因此空格
4、处应填入动词的非谓语形式，前半部分作为整句的状语。句子的主语是“气球”，动词free与其之间是被动关系，故选D项。4. 翻译题Translate the following passage into ChineseSome old people are troubled by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear they will be killed in a battle may justifiably feel
5、 bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows and has done whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat ignoble. The best way to overcome it so at least it seems to me is to mak
6、e your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly part of the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past r
7、ocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grow wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become part of the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.【答案】有些老年人恐惧死亡。要是年轻人这样想.那倒情有可原。那些害怕在战争中阵亡的年轻人，想到自己被生活所欺骗，错失了生命中最美好的东西，感到苦涩理所当然。但
8、对于一个饱尝了人间悲欢离合，实现一生抱负的老人来说，恐惧死亡就有点不光彩了。战胜对死亡的恐惧的最好的方法是至少对我而言是可行的一一逐步拓宽你的兴趣，并使其不受人际感情的影响，直到自我的围城慢慢地消失，你的生命加快融入到众生之中。一个人应当像一条河流，开始时窄而浅，静静流淌于两岸之中，然后，奔腾冲击于岩石之间，飞流直下于高崖之处。慢慢地，河流越走越宽，河岸逐步退去，水流更显平缓，直到最后， 毫无迹象地融入大海，平和地失去了个体的存在。5. 单选题Charles Weiss, programme director of science and international affairs at Ge
9、orgetown University in Washington D.C, was the banks science adviser in the early 1980s. He believes this latest attempt to get the bank thinking about science has more chance of succeeding than his own efforts. This, he says, is partly because they have the support of senior executives, particularl
10、y James Wolfensohn, the banks president and partly because the bank is now keen to promote knowledge-based development.Unusually for a lending institution, the World Bank possesses world-class expertise on the projects and the regions where it lends money. Of its 8,000 staff, 3000 have a PhD-level q
11、ualification, and many of these are top-ranked researchers headhunted from universities. The quantity and quality of the banks research is consistently high.But this more analytical aspect of the banks work has always been overshadowed by its lending arm -known as operations -which has generally con
12、sidered research to be a function of lending, rather than an activity in its own right. In 1987, half of the research staff were sent to work in operations.This tension between the research and lending wings remains, and is one of several challenges that will need to be overcome if the new strategy
13、is to bear fruit. In particular, the need for a new department for science is being questioned by some who do not want to see science confined to a ghetto and think it should be part of the lending portfolio of all of the banks departments.Some Operations staff have yet to be convinced of the merits
14、 of raising the banks research profile or funding research in developing countries. They believe that more attention should be paid to conventional infrastructure needs in poorer counties which, because of low credit ratings, will have little access to private capital.The reaction from developing co
15、untries will be an important test of the new strategy. The richer countries of Southeast Asia, Latin America, North Africa and the Middle East are likely to be more receptive than poorer countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the bank is not popular, and where almost 50 percent of bank-assisted projects have failed during this decade.1.Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1?2.We can infer from the passage that （ ）.3.One of the challenges for raising the banks research profile lies in （ ）.4.The word“infrastructure” （Paragraph 5） most probably refers to （ ）.5.T
