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1、曲阜师大附中2015级必修2 Unit 4 词汇认知学案一、词汇认知：快速读读记记3至4遍词汇表单词和短语。二、词汇扩展：根据提示写出所给单词的另一形式。1. protect vt. 保护 _ (n. 保护) 2. decrease vt. & vi. 减少 _ (反义词：vt. & vi.增加) 3. respond vi. 回答；响应 _ (n. 反应；回答) 4. distant adj. 远的，远处的 _(n. 距离)5. relief n. 减轻；缓解 _ (vt. 解除；缓解)6. mercy n. 仁慈 _ (adj. 仁慈的) 7. certain adj. 确定的 _ (ad
2、j. 不确定的)8. appreciate v. 鉴赏，感激 _(n.欣赏，感激)9. succeed vi. 成功 _ (n. 成功) _ (adj. 成功的)10. employ vt. 雇佣 _ (n. 雇主) _ (n. 雇员)11. harm n. & vt. 伤害 _ (adj. 有害的) _ (adj. 无害的)12. inspect vt. 检查；视察_ (n. 检查) _ (n. 视察者)三、词汇用法 1. protection n. 保护protect vt. 保护；防御 protect against/from保护使不受He wears sunglasses to pro
3、tect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的太阳光线。2. decrease vt. &vi. 减少；减小 The club members decreased to two hundred. 该俱乐部会员减至200人。The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year. 该城市去年交通事故减少了百分之三十。【归纳】decreased to decreased by 3. die out 灭绝；灭种That custom died out years ago. 那种
4、风俗许多年前就消失了。4. loss n. 损失；丧失 lose v. 丢失；错过 lost adj. 迷路的；丢失的 The company suffered a heavy loss as a result of that mistake. 因为那次错误，公司损失惨重。5. in danger of 在危险中；垂危 反义词组：out of danger 脱离危险Many of the wildlife animals are in danger of dying out. 许多野生动物有灭绝的危险。The operation was a success and she is now out
5、 of danger. 手术成功了，她现在已脱离危险。【拓展】danger n. 危险 dangerous adj. 危险的 endanger vt. 危险；使遭到危险 6. relief n. （焦虑、痛苦）减轻；缓解 I was in relief when the exam was over. 考试结束后我松了口气。 To my great relief, the difficulties were all overcome. 使我大为欣慰的是，困难全都克服了。 【归纳】如释重负 让某人感到欣慰的是 【对比】believe (v. 相信；信任) belief (n. 相信；信仰) rel
6、ieve (v. 减轻；解除) relief (n. 减轻；缓解)7. burst into + n. 突然进入（某种状态）；闯入 burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭了起来 burst into laugher=burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 On hearing the bad news, the little girl burst into tears/burst out crying. 一听到这个噩耗，小女孩就大哭了起来。8. certain adj. 某种；一定的；确信的；有把握的 for a certain reason 为
7、了某种理由 He is certain to come. = It is certain that he will come. 他肯定会来。9. contain vt. 包含; 容纳 The book contains all the information you need. 这本书包含你所需要的一切信息。I could hardly contain my curiosity. 我简直无法克制我的好奇心。注意：contain 和include 的不同用法include 一般指包括整体中的某一部分，常用其现在分词形式表示解释性说明，此时也可以借助于过去分词：At least twenty pe
8、ople were killed in the explosion, including two children.=At least twenty people were killed in the explosion, two children included.至少有20个人在爆炸中丧生，其中包括两名儿童。contain 通常指包括全部，还可指含有某种成分。The Chinese diet contains a lot of fruit and vegetables.中国饮食含有大量的水果蔬菜。This book contains 5 units, including one about
9、 wildlife.这本书有5个单元，包括一个关于野生动植物保护单元。10. affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭 We were deeply affected by her words. 我们深深地为她的话所感动。The Ebola virus affects many people in Africa. 埃博拉病毒使很多非洲人民受到了感染。effect n. 影响，What he said has an effect on me.常用搭配 have an effect on11. pay attention to 注意；留心 We should pay more attention t
10、o our mental health. 我们应该更注重心理健康。 He pays much attention to improving his writing skills. attract/draw/catch ones attention have sbs attention 12. appreciate vt. 鉴赏，欣赏；感谢 appreciate + n. /doing感激某事/做某事 I appreciate your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。 I appreciate being invited to the party. 我很感激能被邀请参加聚会。 I would
11、 appreciate it if you could give me some advice. 如果你能给我一些建议，我将十分感激。13. succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替，继任 At last they succeed in finishing the task. 最后他们成功地完成了任务。 She will succeed her father as the manager of the company. 她将接替她的父亲成为公司经理。 【拓展】succeed in (doing) sth. 在成功；be successful in 在成功；a great success 巨大
12、的成功者；非常成功的事14. employ vt. 雇佣；利用 She employs a cook. 她雇了一名厨师。She is employed in preparing for the meeting.【拓展】employee n. employer n. employment n. 15. harm n. & vt. 伤害 harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的 As is known to all, smoking does harm to health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 do harm to sb/sth=do sb/sth harm16.
13、 come into being 形成；产生 When did the club come into being? 俱乐部是什么时候成立的？ A new rule will come into being soon. 一条新规则很快就要出台。【拓展】come into use 开始使用 come into effect 开始生效17. inspect vt. 检查；视察 inspection n. 视察；检阅 inspector n. 视察者 The Minister of Education inspected our school last week. 教育部长上周视察了我们学校。18. according to 根据；按照 According to experts opinion, they gave up the experiment immediately.根据专家们的意见，他们马上放弃了这项实验。19. so that 以致于；结果 We did well in the exam so that we were praised by the head teacher. 我们考试考得不错，结果受到了班主任的表扬。【对比】so that还可以引导目的状语从句，多译为“为的是，为了，以便”，从句中多使用can/could，maymight，
