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1、2022年考博英语-西南政法大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Over 350 million people speak English as their（ ）language.问题1选项A.nativeB.motherC.femaleD.national【答案】B【解析】考查固定用法。native language意为“本地语言”；mother language意为“母语”，符合句意。C选项female“女性的”；D选项national“国家的”均不符合句意。2. 单选题By signing the lease we made a（ ）to pay a rent of $20
2、0 a week.问题1选项A.conceptionB.commissionC.commitmentD.confinement【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。A选项conception“概念，设想”；B选项commission“委员会；佣金”；C选项commitment“承诺，保证”；D选项confinement“限制，监禁”。句意：通过签订租约，我们承诺每周支付200美元的租金。选项C符合句意。3. 单选题How fast is your personal computer? When people ask this question, they are typically referring
3、 to the frequency of a minuscule clock inside the computer, a crystal oscillator that set the basic rhythm used throughout the machine. In a computer with a speed of one gigahertz （千兆赫），for example, the crystal licks” a billion times a second. Every action of the computer takes place in tiny steps,
4、each a billionth of a second long. A simple transfer of data may take only one step; complex calculations may take many steps. All operations, however, must begin and end according to the clocks timing signals.Because most modem computers use a single rhythm, we call them synchronous. Inside the com
5、puters microprocessor chip, a clock distribution system delivers the timing signals from the crystal oscillator to the various circuits, just as sound in air delivers the beat of a drum to soldiers to set their marching pace. Because all parts of the chip share the same rhythm, the output of any cir
6、cuit from one step can serve as the input to any other circuit for the next step. The synchronization provided by the clock helps chip designers plan sequences of actions for the computer.The use of a central clock also creates problems. As speeds have increased, distributing the timing signals has
7、become more and more difficult. Present-day transistors can process data so quickly that they can accomplish several steps in the time that it takes a wire to carry a signal from one side of the chip to the other. Keeping the rhythm identical in all parts of a large chip requires careful to the othe
8、r. Keeping the rhythm identical in all parts of a large chip requires careful design and a great deal of electrical power. Wouldnt it be nice to have an alternative?Our research group at Sun Microsystems Laboratories seeks such alternatives. Along with several other groups worldwide, we are investig
9、ating ways to design computing systems in which each part can proceed at its own pace instead of depending on the rhythm of a central clock. We call such systems asynchronous. Each part of an asynchronous system may extend or shorten the timing of its steps when walking across rough terrain.1.What d
10、etermines the rhythm of the personal computer?2.Why does the author mention sound in air in the second paragraph?3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of the use of a central clock?4.The word “alternative” means（ ）.5.We can infer from the article that（ ）.问题1选项A.An alarming cloc
11、k.B.A crystal oscillator.C.Complex calculations.D.The clocks timing signals.问题2选项A.To illustrate the timing signals are delivered in a similar way sound travels in air.B.To show us that timing signals speed can be as fast as that of sound.C.Because the wave of timing signals is similar to the sound
12、wave.D.Because sound is delivered by timing signals.问题3选项A.Distributing the timing signals is more difficult when speeds are higher.B.It has to take a wire to carry a signal from one side of the chip to the other.C.Careful design is necessary to keep the rhythm identical in all parts of a large chip
13、.D.A great deal of electrical power is required to a whole chip synchronous.问题4选项A.methodB.substituteC.answerD.machine问题5选项A.the structure of an asynchronous system is different from that of a synchronous system.B.the central clock sets the rhythm of parts of an asynchronous systemC.each part of an
14、asynchronous system can change the rhythm of the central clock.D.searching for better replacement for the synchronous system is an international problem.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“How fast is your personal computer? When people ask this question, they are typically referring t
15、o the frequency of a minuscule clock inside the computer, a crystal oscillator that set the basic rhythm used throughout the machine.你的电脑有多快？当人们问这个问题时，他们通常指的是计算机内部一个微小时钟的频率，它是一个晶体振荡器，设定了整个机器使用的基本节奏。”由此可知，选项B符合原文。2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“在计算机的微处理器芯片中，一个时钟分配系统将晶体振荡器发出的定时信号传送到各个电路中，就像鼓声通过空气传播给士兵，以此来确定他们行进的步伐一样。”由此可推断，这里提到鼓声在空气中传播是为了说明定时信号的传递和声音在空气中传播的方式是类似的，所以选项A正确。3.判断推理题。根据第三段第二句“As speeds have increased, distributing the timing signals has become more and more difficult. 随着速度的提高，定时信号的分配变得越来越困难。”选项A符合原文；根据第三段倒数第二句“Keeping the rhythm identical in
