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1、word英语国家概况按新考纲整理的余志远版本完整版英国局部1. What is the full name of the United Kingdom? It is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2. What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles? They are Great Britain and Ireland. 3. What are the four political divisions部门 of the United
2、Kingdom? They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 4. Why does the United Kingdom have a mild climate, even though it lies farther north than our Heilongjiang Province省份职权? Because Britains climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream墨西哥湾流. 5. How many metropolitan areas does England have?
3、 England has seven metropolitan areas. 大都市6. What is the backbone of England? It is the Pennines.奔宁山脉 7. What is the largest lake in the British Isles? It is Lough Neagh. 內伊湖8. From what languages is English derived由而来? England is mainly derived from the Anglo-Saxon and Norman-French languages. 9. W
4、hat is an eisteddfod?诗人 An eisteddfod is a Welsh festival of poetry, music and other arts. 10. What have the Scottish people been famous for? The Scottish people have been famous for their close-knit clans, colorful plaid kilts, and skill as fierce warriors. 组织严密的家族、格子服饰、凶猛的战士技能11. How long was Brit
5、ain under the Roman occupation? Britain was under the Roman occupation for nearly 400 years. 12. Why was the Roman impact upon the Britons surprisingly limited有限的? The Roman impact on the Britons was surprisingly limited because the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave clas
6、s奴隶阶级 and they never intermarried with the native Britons.13. When did the Anglo-Saxons begin to settle使定居 in Britain? The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the 5th century. 14. When did England begin to be Christianized? 基督化England began to be Christianized in 579. 15. What was the result
7、of the Synod of Whitby in Yorkshire约克郡 in 664? The result of the Synod of Whitby was that the Roman missionaries传教士 gained the upper hand上风 over the Celtic missionaries. 16. What was Harold doing when he was informed of the invasion of Northumbria by Tostig and Harold Hardrada? He was in the south p
8、reparing to resist the expected attack from Normandy. 17. Where did Harold defeat 战败 Tostig and Hardrada? Harold defeated Tostig and Harold Hardrada at Stanford Bridge. 斯坦福球场18. By whom was William crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey?威斯敏斯特教堂 William was crowned King of England in Westminste
9、r Abbey by the Archbishop of York. 约克大教主19. What did William do after he suppressed the Saxon risings in the north? He built a string of defense castles to ensure确定 his military军队 control of the whole country. 20. Was the Norman Conquest the last successful invasion of England? Yes. The Norman Conqu
10、est was the last successful invasion of England because England has never been invaded since. 21. Why did William I give his barons large estates房地产 in England? William I gave large estates to his barons because he wanted to get a promise of military service and a proportion of the lands produce. 22
11、. What was the peculiar 特权feature特色 of the feudal system of England? All landowners, big and small, took the oath宣誓 of allegiance效忠 for the land they held, not only to their immediate直接 lord主, but also to the king. 23. Why did William I have the Domesday Book piled? 末日宣判书William I had the Domesday B
12、ook piled because he wanted to have a reliable record of all his land, his tenants承租人 and their possessions拥有；财产 and to discover how much his tenants could be asked to pay by way of taxes. 24. What was William I s policy towards the church? He wanted to keep it pletely under his control, but at the
13、same time to uphold支持鼓励维持 its power. 25. Why did Henry II make Thomas Becket Archbishop大教主 of Canterbury? He thought that Thomas Becket would assist him in carrying out贯彻实施 legal reforms改革. 26. What brought Henry II into collision 冲突矛盾with Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury? The exceptional
14、异常的 privileges特权 enjoyed by the clergy神职，牧师 brought Henry II into collision with Thomas Becket. 27. What are the two aspects方面 of the Norman legacy遗产 that contributed to great domestic国内 unrest 动荡in England in the 12th and 13th centuries? One was Englands possession占有 of territory领土 in France. The o
15、ther was Norman adherence 依附坚持to Roman Catholicism. 28. Who was the French national heroine during the Hundred Years War who helped the French to drive the English out of France? Joan of Arc.圣女贞德 29. When did the government establish rules for the first time to keep down wages? The government establ
16、ished rules for the first time to keep down wages in 1351. 30. How many peasant 农民in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard II s troops骑兵，军队? 40,000 peasants in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard IIs troops. 31. What were the emblems象征 of the Houses of York and Lancaster? The emblem of the House of York was a white rose and the emblem of the House
