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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He or she asks the assembled crowd in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”，for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names
2、 the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods. For the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the
3、 English word comes from the Latin auction, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called “sub basra,” meaning “under the spear”，a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
4、goods were often sold “by the candle”，a short candle was lit by the auctioneer; and bids could be made while it stayed alight.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by possible buyers. If the advertisement ca
5、nnot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot” is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order. He may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produ
6、ce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneers services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by
7、auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique, furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction rooms at Christies and Sothebys in London and N
8、ew York are world famous.1.Auctioned goods are sold （ ）.2.The end of the bidding is called “knocking down” because（ ）.3.The Romans used to sell（ ）by auction.4.A candle used to bum at auction sales（ ）.5.The auctioneer may decide to sell the out of order because（ ）.问题1选项A.for the highest price offered
9、B.only at fixed pricesC.at a price less than their true valueD.very cheaply问题2选项A.the auctioneer knocks the buyer dowB.the auctioneer knocks the rostrum downC.the goods are knocked down on to the tableD.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer问题3选项A.spoil goodsB.property taken from the enemyC.ol
10、d worn-out weaponsD.spears问题4选项A.because they took place at nightB.as a signal for the crowd togetherC.to limit the time when offers could be madeD.to keep the auctioneer warm问题5选项A.he sometimes wants to confuse the buyers.B.he know from experience that certain people will want to buy certain items.
11、C.he wants to keep certain people waiting.D.he wants to reduce the number.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段: He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods (他鼓励买者给出更高的价钱， 最后选定出价最高的这位买。由此可知拍卖品以最高价卖出。故选A。2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“knocking do
12、wn”定位至第一段: This is called “knocking down” the goods. “这就是成交 ”和第五句 For the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands (因为当拍卖师用一个锤子敲击他面前的小桌子时，拍卖结束)。因此D项 “因为拍卖师会用一个锤子敲击桌子”正确。3.细节事实题。第二段说明了古罗马人所拍卖物品: The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war (罗马
13、人通常用这种方法出售战利品)。故选A “缴获物品，奖品”。4.细节事实题。第二段指出:a short candle was lit by the auctioneer; and bids could be made while it stayed alight (拍卖师会点燃一根短蜡烛，在蜡烛燃烧的吋候进行拍卖活动)。因此选C “限制拍卖会竞价吋间”。5.判断推理题。根据题干关键词Lots定位至第三段: The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order, He may wait until he r
14、egisters the fact that certain dealers are in the room (拍卖师不需要从第一个序号开始然后按照顺序来, 在拍卖师会在确定对商品感兴趣的买家到来之后才开始拍卖)。故选B “拍卖师可以依据经验知道某些买家想购买哪些物品”。2. 单选题As the train will not leave until one hour later, we （ ）grab a bite at the snack bar.问题1选项A.may wellB.just as wellC.might as wellD.as well【答案】C【解析】句意: 既然火车一小时
15、后才开，我们不妨去快餐店吃点东西。固定搭配。might as well不妨，最好。3. 单选题To say that a soldier fought in battle like lion may be a descriptive（ ） , but it does not mean that he was on all fours roaring and wagging his tail.问题1选项A.analogueB.analogyC.analyticD.node【答案】B【解析】句意: 将一个在战争中的战士说成狮子一样可能是一个不错的比喻，但是这并不意味着他四肢着地摇着尾巴大声咆哮着。形近词辨析。Analogue类似物，相似物; analogy比喻，相似; analytic分解的; anode 阳极。题目中的 To say that a soldier fought in battle like lion 这个部分是将战士比喻成狮子。故选B。4. 单选题Basic research provides the （ ）fund of scientific knowledge,
