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1、2022年考博英语-湖南农业大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Experiments in the photography of moving objects _ in both the United States and Europe well before 1990.问题1选项A.have been conductingB.were conductingC.had been conductedD.are conducted【答案】C【解析】考查时态。A是过去完成进行时，表示从过去某一时间开始，并持续到现在的动作；B是过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作；C是过去完成时
2、，表示从过去的时间某动作已完成；D是一般现在时，表示现在的动作。句意：早在1990年，美国和欧洲都已经做过了对移动物体摄影的实验。1990是一个过去的时间，句子中有个well before，所以可知做物体移动的摄影实验是在1990年之前就完成了，是一个在过去就已经完成的动作，因此答案选C。2. 单选题The manager gave one of the sales girls an accusing look for her（ ） attitude toward customers.问题1选项A.impartialB.mildC.hostileD.opposing【答案】C【解析】考查形容词
3、辨析。A选项“公正的”；B选项“温和的”；C选项“敌对的，敌意的”；D选项“反对的”。句意：经理训斥了其中一位女销售一顿，因为她对客户的（）态度。如果女孩的态度好的话，经理就不会训斥她，所以答案排除A，B；D选项一般是处于对立的双方才会用的形容词，而顾客和客户的关系并不是对立的，而且这里形容的是态度，所以答案选C，恶意的态度。3. 不定项选择题In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conve
4、rsing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to
5、reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like lan
6、guage and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logi
7、c and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the fie
8、ld.Imitating the brains neural (神经的) network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors”, he explains
9、, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves.” Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cel
10、l. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in brain remains controversial. B
11、ut if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.1. The author says that the powerful computers of today（ ）.2. The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from（ ）.3. Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been makin
12、g enormous efforts to（ ）.4. Whats the authors opinion about the new AI movement?5. Which of the following is closet in meaning to the underlined phrase “the only game in town” (Line 3, Para. 4)?问题1选项A.are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an objectB.are close to exhibiting humanlike behav
13、iorC.are not very different in their performance from those of the 50sD.still cannot communicate with people in a human language问题2选项A.the shift of the focus of study to the recognition of the shapes of objectsB.the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step progr
14、amsC.the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old childD.the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells问题3选项A.find a roundabout way to design powerful computersB.build a computer using a clever network of switches
15、C.find out how intelligence develop in natureD.separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought问题4选项A.It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.B.Its a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.C.Its more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.D.It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.问题5选项A.The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.B.The only way for them to win a prize in artificial
