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1、2022年考博英语-西北农林科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题A Professor stood before his philosophy class and had some items in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly, he picked up a very large and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with golf balls. He then asked the students if the jar was full. Th
2、ey agreed that it was.So the Professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles rolled into the open areas between the golf balls. He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed it was.The Professor next picked up a box of
3、 sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. He asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous Yes.The Professor then produced two cans of beer from under the table and poured the entire contents into the jar, effectively filling the
4、empty space between the sand. The students laughed.“Now,” said the Professor, as the laughter subsided, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life.”The golf balls are the important thingsyour family, your children, your health, your friends, your favorite passions things that if eve
5、rything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full.The pebbles are the other things that matter like your job, your house, your car. The sand is everything elsethe small stuff.“If you put the sand into the jar first”, he continued, there is no room for the pebbles or the gol
6、f balls. The same goes for life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take time to get medical checkups. Take your partner
7、 out to dinner. Play another 18. There will always be time to clean the house, and fix the disposal. Take care of the golf balls first, the things that really matter. Set your priorities. The rest is just sand.When he had finished, there was a profound silence. Then one of the students raised her ha
8、nd and with a puzzled expression, inquired what was the beer represented.The Professor smiled. Im glad you asked. It just goes to show you that no matter how full your life may seem, theres always room for a couple of beers.Lesson: When things in your life seem almost too much to handle, when 24 hou
9、rs in a day are not enough, remember the mayonnaise jar.and the beer.1.The professor illustrated his point by（ ） .2.When the professor poured the beer into the jar, the students most probably would not（ ） .3.The author tends to compare house cleaning to （ ）.4.The professor employed the beer to signi
10、fy（ ） .5.By writing the story, the author intends to be（ ） .问题1选项A.analogyB.exemplifyingC.punningD.personification问题2选项A.find it unexpectedB.be amazed by himC.appreciate his wisdomD.understand his intension问题3选项A.the golf ballsB.the pebblesC.the sandD.the beer问题4选项A.tricks to make life more beautifu
11、lB.relaxation no matter how full life isC.things that are unnecessary for lifeD.that we can always find leisure time问题5选项A.philosophicalB.enlighteningC.encouragingD.informative【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.判断推理题。A项“类比”；B项“举例；例示”；C项“双关”；D项“拟人法”。短文第六段 “The golf balls are the important thingsyour
12、family, your children, your health, your friends”高尔夫球好比我们生活中重要的东西家庭、孩子、健康、朋友”以及第七段“The pebbles are the other things that matter like your job, your house, your car”鹅卵石好比其他重要的东西工作、房子、车子作者运用一系列类比，故选A。2.判断推理题。A项“觉得意外”；B项“感到吃惊”；C项“欣赏他的智慧”；D项“理解他的意图”。注意题干要求“当教授将啤酒倾倒进蛋黄酱罐子，学生们最不可能会”。短文第五段中教授说“我想你们认识到这个蛋黄酱
13、罐代表你们的生活”可推知“学生们不可能明白教授将啤酒倾倒进蛋黄酱罐子的意图”；从学生们对于教授几次将不同东西填充到罐子中的反应可以推断出学生们“意外、吃惊、欣赏教授的智慧”，故选D项。3.事实细节题。A项“高尔夫球”指“生活中重要的东西家庭、孩子、健康、朋友及喜好”；B项“鹅卵石”指代“工作、房子和汽车”；C项“沙子”指“生活中其他一切琐事”；D项“啤酒”指代“生活中的休闲”。短文第八段第一句“如果你先用沙子将蛋黄酱罐子装满，那么里面就没有放鹅卵石和高尔夫球的空间”以及第八段中“There will always be time to clean the house, and fix the
14、disposal.打扫房间和处理废物的时间总是有的”等细节可知作者将打扫房间比作沙子，故选C。4.判断推理题。A.项“让生活变得更美好的小窍门”；B项“不管生活多满也要放松”；C项“生活中不必要的事情”；D项“我们总能找到闲暇的时间”。短文倒数第二段“.no matter how full your life may seem, theres always room for a couple of beers.不管你的生活看起来多满（即忙碌）；总会有喝杯啤酒的时间”可推断出“教授用啤酒暗示我们总能找到闲暇的时间”， 故选D。5.判断推理题。A项“哲学的”；B项“使人启发的”；C项“鼓励的”；D
15、项“提供有用信息的;使人增进知识的”。由最后一段“教训：当生活中的事情多到似乎无法掌控时，当一天24小时都不够用时，请记住蛋黄酱罐子和啤酒”可推断出作者写这个故事是为了启发人们，让人们懂得把最重要的事情放在首位，而小事情总能找到时间来做，故选B。2. 单选题When Spanish explorers first entered the area now known as Hollywood, Native Americans were living in the canyons of the Santa Monica Mountains. Before long, the Indians had been moved to missions and the land which Hollywood now occupies was divided in two by the Spanish Government. Acreage to the west became part of Rancho La Brea and settlements to the East became Rancho Los Feliz.By the 1870s an agricultural community flourished in the a
