高考英语非谓语动词知识讲解一、to do的基本用法（一）对动词的补充1.It was late, so I decided to take a taxi.decide: 决定去做什么2.Tom is in difficult position, so I agreed to help him.agree: 同意去做什么3.Don’t forget to lock the door when you go out.forget: 忘记去做什么【语法结构】V.+ to do/ 1.我需要你去问他I need you to ask him.2.他想要我去见医生He asked me to see a doctor.3.我要你现在就告诉我I want you to tell me right now.【语法结构】V.+ S + to do【特殊词汇】suggest:1.Kate suggested me to ask your advice.❎2.Kate suggested to ask your advice.❎3.Kate suggested that I should ask your advice.✅4.Kate suggested asking your advice.✅enjoy/mind/avoid:1.I enjoy to read.❎I enjoy reading.✅2.Would you mind to close the door? ❎Would you mind closing the door? ✅3.I try to avoid to go shopping on Saturdays.❎I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays.✅【辨析含义】Remember to do/doing1.I know I locked the door.I clearly remember locking it. 记得做过2.I must remember to pay the bill. 记住去做Regret to do/ doing1.Do you regret not going to the college? 遗憾做过2.I regret to tell you that you didn’t pass the exam.遗憾地做Go on to do/doing1.We need to change.We can’t go on living like this.继续同一件事2.After discussing the education, the president then went on to talk about foreign policy.继续另一件事begin/start/continue...1.It started to rain.2.It started raining.无含义区别（二）对形容词的补充个人反应：1.I am happy to meet you.2.Most people are afraid to hear the truth.3.She is anxious to go home.事物判断：1.Do you think the water is safe to drink?The water is safe.⭕ 表达不够恰当➤Do you think it is safe to drink the water?2.The questions are very difficult.They are impossible to answer.The questions are impossible.⭕表达不够恰当➤It is impossible to answer the questions.3.Tom is interesting to talk to.Tom is interesting.⭕表达不够准确➤It is interesting to talk to Tom.对他人的评价：1.It is silly of you to give up your job when she needs the money.I think you are silly.2.It is kind of you to come.I think you are kind.3.It is stupid of you to forget his number.I think you are stupid.（三）对名词的补充名词的补充：1.I have many books to read.read books2.Tom needs a friend to play with.play with a friend后置补充：（后置定语 ...的）1.I would like something to stop my toothache.➤Something can stop my toothache.2.It was a war to end all wars.➤A war can end all wars.3.I got the key to open the door.➤The key can open the door.拓展1.I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.2.He was the first to be there.3.The next train to arrive is from London.逻辑关系：1.There is no need to stay.What is the “need”?2.I have no wish to change.What is the “wish”?3.I told her about my decision to leave.What is the “decision”?二、to do OR doing?（一）其后直接跟to do的动词1.Some verbs can be followed immediately by a to-infinitive:（二）其后通过跟doing的动词2.Some verbs are normally followed by the -ing form, not the to-infinitive:比如：I always enjoy cooking.I always enjoy to cook.✘We haven’t finished eating yet.We haven’t finished to eat.✘She keeps changing her mind about the wedding.✔（三）其后可跟to do& doing, 含义不同3.Some verbs can be followed by a to-infinitive or the -ing form, but with a change in meaning:比如：1.Working in London means leaving home at 6:30.(Because I work in London, this is the result or consequence.)👉这里的means含义为“意味着”，表示一种结果2.I didn’t mean to make you cry.(I didn’t intend to make you cry.)👉这里的mean to do sth.含义为“意图做某事”三、to do进阶用法（一）/to have done: 完成式 /I am happy to visit China.➤即将拜访I am happy to have visited so many places in China.➤拜访结束（二）/to be doing: 进行式 /（那天）我进屋的时候，他正在睡觉。
➤He was sleeping when I came in.2.（那天）我进屋的时候，他正在假装睡觉➤He pretended to be sleeping when I came in.He has been sitting there all day.➤He seems to have been sitting there all day.（三）/to be done: 被动式 /1.（领导）他想让信尽快发出He wanted the letter to deliver at once.×He wanted the letter to be delivered at once.√2.她要求分给她一份轻松的活She asked to give an easy task.×She asked to be given an easy task.√四、to 的省略（一）使役动词：let/make/have1.Her parents won’t let her go out with her boyfriend.2.If you won’t do it, I will make you do it.3.Have Smith come and see me.（二）感官动词：see/watch/hear1.I saw her cross the road.2.Watch me jump over the stream.3.I heard the bomb explode.（三）强制省去1.Why not to visit her on Monday? ×➤Why not visit her on Monday?2.You had better to go now.×➤You had better go now.3.I would rather to go by train.×➤I would rather go by train.【to的非强制省去】1.动词不定式做表语，主语部分含有动词do （国内标准化测试通常视为必须删除）a.What I want you to do is (to) help Mary with homework.b.The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.2.but, except之前存在实义动词do时，可以省略（国内标准化测试通常认为必须删除）a.They did nothing but complain.b.She did everything but make her bed.3.help sb.do sth./help sb.to do sth.二者均存在，带to的结构在英国英语中常见，不带to的结构在美国英语中常见4.连续使用动词不定式，第二个通常删除a.I would like to lie down and (to) do sleep.b.I wish to finish my business and (to) get away.。