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1、2022年考博英语-北京大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The government will prosecute those individuals who unlawfully possess（ ）material.问题1选项A.classifiedB.bizarreC.personalD.legitimate【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。classified“分类的；机密的”；bizarre“奇异的”；personal“个人的”；legitimate“合法的”；句意：政府将起诉那些非法占有材料的个人。因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Experimental scien
2、ces, based on the observation of the external world, cannot aspire to completeness; the nature of things, and the imperfection of our organs,_.问题1选项A.are likely opposing itB.are opposed to it and the likeC.are alike opposed itD.are opposing it likewise【答案】B【解析】考查固定用法。be opposed to“反对”是固定用法，and the l
3、ike“等等”。句意：实验科学是建立在对外部世界的观察基础上的，不能追求完备;事物的本质和我们器官的缺陷等等都与之相违背。因此B选项符合题意。3. 名词解释The year of 2009 will bring an avalanche of books, lectures, television programs and articles on Charles Darwin. (1) It is 200 years since he was bom and 150 years since he was pushed to publish his on the Origin of Specie
4、s earlier than he intended by the arrival of a letter from AlfredRussel Wallace, the naturalist who, independently, had the same theory of natural selection thatDarwin had supposed all his own.Since Darwin wasnt alone in thinking up the theory of natural selection or in assembling evidence in suppor
5、t of evolution, are we right to make such a song and dance of his anniversary? The short answer is “yes”.(2) the Origin o f Species is the most important biology book yet written and Darwin has done as much as anyone, including Copernicus, Newton, Marx and Freud,to change how we see ourselves.Why do
6、es Darwinian worldview matters more than ever? Above all, Darwin decenters humanity. In this he completes the work that Copernicus and Galileo began. We are not the centre of the Universe. The Universe existed long before we came on the scene. (3) This decentering does not, of course, mean that we m
7、atter any the less. Rather, it helps us to appreciate that we do not sit in a distinct category from the rest of creation. The great apes that are heading towards extinction in the wild and are still used in some countries for medical research really are our relatives.Read the following passage care
8、fully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts. Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET (2).【答案】1：He was born 200 years ago and his On the Origin of Species was published 150 years ago, which was earlier than he had planned, because a naturalist called Alf
9、red Russel Wallace had written to Darwin to encourage him to do so. Alfred shared the theory of natural selection that Darwin had thought out by himself.2：The book On the Origin of Species is more important than any other biology book that has ever been written, and Darwins contribution to change ou
10、r worldview equals those of Copernicus, Newton, Marx and Freud.3：Certainly, the fact that we are not the center of the universe does indicate that we are not important.4. 单选题Couples blessed with strength and aggression（） looks are better off having boys, as these characteristics are of more use to m
11、ales.问题1选项A.other thanB.rather thanC.rather tooD.in spite of【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。other than “不同于；除了”；rather than“而不是”；rather too “稍微”；in spite of “尽管”。句意：那些体力更强和有进取心外表好看的夫妇会更容易生男孩，因为这些特征对男性更有用。因此选项B符合题意。5. 单选题There are too many complaints about society having to move too fast to keep up with the machine.
12、问题1选项A.that have toB.have toC.having toD.has to【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。空格前是一个完整的there be句子，不缺成分，因此排除B和D两个谓语动词形式。如选择A选项，无法确认先行词会造成语意混乱，因此排除A选项。C选项的having to是以现在分词形式作为后置定语修饰前面的society。句意：有太多的人抱怨这个社会为了跟上机器而发展得太快。因此C选项符合题意。6. 单选题Apple pie is（ ）neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its v
13、alue.问题1选项A.at itselfB.as itselfC.on itselfD.in itself【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。四个选项中只有“in itself 本质上”是固定短语，因此D选项符合题意。句意：从本质上来看，苹果派既不好也不坏;它的使用方式决定了它的价值。7. 单选题As a result, the mission of the school, along wih the culture of the classroom, （ ）.问题1选项A.was slowly to changeB.are slowly changedC.is slowly changingD
14、.have slowly changed【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。对比选项可知该题考查主谓一致的问题。插入部分的along with后的附加成分不影响谓语的数，因此谓语为单数形式。该句没有时间词表示过去，C 选项符合题意。8. 单选题Nearly all trees have seeds that fall to the earth, take root, and eventually( ).问题1选项A.generate new seedsB.new seeds generatedC.generates new seedsD.new seeds are generated【答案】A【解
15、析】考查语法知识。本句的that用来引导定语从句修饰先行词seeds，定语从句中有三个并列的动作：fall，take root，generate；三个动作形式保持一致，因此A选项符合题意。9. 单选题Both versions of the myth 一 the West as a place of escape from society and the West as a stage on which the moral conflicts confronting society could be played out figured prominently in the histories and essays of young Theodore Roosevelt，the paintings and sculptures of artist Frederic
