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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and（ ）to expressed thoughts.问题1选项A.dilemmasB.countenancesC.concessionsD.junctions【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。dilemmas困境；countenances面容；concessions让步；junctions连接点。句意：一个人可以通过注
2、意他人的眼睛和面部即时的或短暂的反应来更好地理解别人。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题The team leader of mountain climbers marked out（ ） .问题1选项A.that seemed to be the best routeB.what seemed to be the best routeC.which seemed to be tile best routeD.something that to be the best route【答案】B【解析】本句缺少的成分是宾语从句，只有选项B能作为宾语从句。that一般引导同位语从句；选项C缺少先行词；选项D
3、用法不正确，所以本题选B。3. 单选题Tom and Alice（ ） having a new car to replace their old one for years.问题1选项A.has been dreaming ofB.have been dreaming ofC.has dreamedD.will have dreamed【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知谓语应该用复数，首先排除选项A和C，再根据“for years”可知，应用现在完成时，所以选项B正确。4. 单选题If each of us does our part little by little, we can（ ） th
4、e lifespan of our planet and ourselves.问题1选项A.enlargeB.expandC.increaseD.grow【答案】C【解析】考查近义词辨析。enlarge 扩大，放大；expand扩张，使膨胀；increase增加，延长；grow发展，生长。句意：如果我们每一个人都能够一点一点地做好我们的本职工作，那么我们赖以生存的星球和我们自己本身的寿命会延长。本题想表达的是寿命的延长，increase有“延长”的意思，故答案C。5. 单选题According to the latest report, consumer confidence（ ） a bre
5、athtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in ten years.问题1选项A.soaredB.mutatedC.plummetedD.fluctuated【答案】C【解析】soared飙升；mutated突变，变异；plummeted骤然下跌；fluctuated波动。根据下句“lowest level in ten years”可推测，这里指下跌，所以选项C符合语境。6. 单选题Melissa is a computer （ ）that destroyed files in computers and frustrated t
6、housands of users around the world.问题1选项A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析和上下文语义。根据下句“destroyed files in computers”可推测Melissa是一种计算机病毒，选项B符合语境。7. 单选题Financial statement is a financial report or record（ ） usually on a quarterly and annually basis which provides an individuals, an organi
7、zations, or bussinesss financial states.问题1选项A.completedB.compiledC.collatedD.contested【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。complete完成 compiled编译的 collate核对，校对 contest竞赛，争夺。句意：财务报表是一种编译好的财务报告或记录。通常以季度或年度为单位，给个人，企业单位或商户提供财务报告。空格处所填单词为形容词做后置定语修饰report or record。答案B。8. 单选题The role of American women （ ）significantly from th
8、e time the nation was born, to the modern era of the 1950s and 1960s.问题1选项A.has changedB.has been changedC.changedD.had been changed【答案】D【解析】语法知识。根据句意可知，这里应该用过去完成时态，首先排除选项A和C；role与change之间为被动关系,所以选项D正确。9. 单选题Mary finally decided（ ） all the junk she had kept in the garage.问题1选项A.get ridB.gotten rid o
9、fC.getting rid ofD.to get rid of【答案】D【解析】固定介词搭配。decide to do sth.决定做某事。所以，选项D正确。10. 单选题For the last 20 years or so the subject of global warming has（ ）heated debate among the worlds brightest minds.问题1选项A.spawnedB.injectedC.modeledD.moved【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：在过去20年左右的时间里，全球变暖这个话题在全球最聪明的头脑中引发了激烈的辩论。只有选
10、项A有引起的意思，所以正确。11. 单选题During his two-month stay in China, Tom never （ ）a chance to practice his Chinese.问题1选项A.passed onB.passed upC.passed byD.passed out【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。pass on传递，继续，去世；pass up拒绝，错过；pass by走过，经过；pass out分发，昏倒。这里指没有错过一次练习中文的机会。选项B符合句意。12. 单选题Some scientists have suggested that Earth i
11、s a kind of zoo or wildlife（ ） for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.问题1选项A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserve【答案】D【解析】固定用法。wildlife reserve指野生动物保护区。所以选项D正确。13. 单选题Our boss is taking everyo
12、ne to the ballet tonight, and I need to make sure my new dress（ ） for the occasion.问题1选项A.has been cleanedB.should have been cleanedC.is being cleanedD.has been cleaning【答案】A【解析】句意：老板今晚要带大家去看芭蕾舞剧，我得确保我的新衣服洗干净了。根据句意可知这里应用现在完成时，首先排除选项C；选项B表示本应该洗却没有洗，不符合语境；衣服是被洗，用被动语态，所以选项A正确。14. 单选题The little girl is
13、ignorant （ ）the basic rules of English grammar.问题1选项A.forB.ofC.withD.against【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。ignorant of意为“不知道, 不了解”，为固定搭配。选项B正确。15. 单选题问题1选项A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。send up使上升；send off寄出，派遣；send out发送；send in递送，呈报。根据句意可知，这里指“递交辞呈”，所以选项D符合句意。16. 单选题Guthries contiguity princ
14、iple offers practical suggestions for how to break habits.One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Guthries theory, a teac
