《2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷21（附答案带详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷21（附答案带详解）（24页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题He said it was important to put in the hours, but it was not just the hours that（ ）.问题1选项A.affectedB.countedC.focusedD.faltered【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。affect “影响，感染，感动”；count “计算，认为，起作用，值得考虑”；focus “使集中，使聚焦”；falter “支吾地说，畏缩，蹒跚”。根据句意他说，投入时间是重要的，但是（ ）不只是时间。确定B选项count “
2、起作用”正确。2. 单选题We had thought the exam would be difficult, but it（ ）easy.问题1选项A.turnedB.cameC.appearedD.proved【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项turn“转弯；转变”；B选项come“做；假装；来”；C选项appear“出现；显得”；D选项prove“证明；结果表明”。句意：我们原以为考试会很难，但它很容易。appear后接形容词表示“结果表明”时应用“appear to be”结构。只有prove后面接形容词有此用法且符合语境。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题What if archit
3、ects could build living systems rather than static buildings - dynamic structures that modify their internal and external forms in response to changes in their environment? This idea is making waves in the field of architecture. Houses, for example, might shrink in the winter to reduce surface area
4、and volume, thus cutting heating costs. They could cover themselves to escape the heat of the summer sun or shake snow off the roof in winter. Skyscrapers could change their profiles, swaying slightly to distribute increased loads during hurricanes.Such “responsive architecture” would depend on two
5、sorts of technology: control systems capable of deciding what to do, and structural components able to change the buildings shape as required. Architects have been working to improve the control systems in buildings for many years, but shape-shifting technology is at a much earlier stage of developm
6、ent.One approach being pursued by researchers is to imitate nature. Many natural constructions, including spiders webs, are “tensegrity systems” - strong structures made up of many interconnected elements which can be manipulated to change shape without losing their structural integrity. “These stru
7、ctures can bend and twist, but no element in the structure bends and twists,” says Robert Skelton of the Structural Systems and Control Laboratory at the University of California in Sail Diego. “Its the architecture of life.”While Dr. Skelton is working on solving the engineering equations associate
8、d with tensegrity systems, Tristan dEstree Sterk at the Office for Robotic Architectural Media & the Bureau for Responsive Architecture, an architectural practice based in Vancouver, Canada, has begun to construct prototypes of shape-changing “building envelopes” based on tensegrity structures. Ligh
9、tweight skeletal frameworks, composed of rods and wires and controlled by pneumatic（气动的） “muscles”, serve as the walls of a building; adjusting their configuration to change the buildings shape. Mr. Sterk is also developing the brain needed to context such a building based on information from intern
10、al and external sensors.Cars are already capable of monitoring their own performance and acting with a certain degree of autonomy, from cruise-control systems to airbag sensors. Such responsive behavior is considered normal for a car, architects argue that the same sort of ideas should be incorporat
11、ed into buildings, too. And just as the performance of a car can be simulated in advance to choose the best design fora range of driving conditions, the same should be done for buildings, argues Gian Carlo Magnoli, an architect and the co-director of the Kinetic Design Group at the Massachusetts Ins
12、titute of Technology. He is devising blueprints for responsive houses. We need to evolve designs for the best performing responsive-building models,” he says.So will we end up with cities of skyscrapers that wave in the breeze? It sounds crazy. But, says Mr. Sterk, many ideas that were once consider
13、ed crazy are now commonplace. “Electricity was a strange idea, but now its universal he says. Dynamic, intelligent, adaptable buildings are “the logical next step”, he claims.1.Which technology is needed for such “responsive architecture”?2.According to Para. 3, many natural constructions（ ）.3.What
14、contribution does Sterk make to responsive architecture?4.To which of the following is Magnoli likely to agree?问题1选项A.The change of internal and external forms.B.The alter action of profiles.C.Control systems applied to manual controls.D.Structural components capable of changing the buildings shape.
15、问题2选项A.can cause change to elements in the structureB.are motivated by biological material architectureC.can change their shape without affecting their structural integrityD.are fragile structures made up of many interconnected elements问题3选项A.He makes archetypes of shape-changing building frames.B.He uses rods and wires to be the walls of a building.C.He does more for responsive architecture than Dr. Skelton.D.He has invented the brain to control building.问题4选项A.Cruise-control systems should be incorporated into buildings.B.Architects need to perfect title designs
