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1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题Marketing is important to organizations and consumers alike. It touches the lives of all members of society. All the goods and services you buy, the stores where you shop and the radio and TV programs paid for by advertising are there because of marketing. Each
2、 of you has been involved in marketing activities at one time or another. Perhaps you have tried to sell a used textbook back to the campus book store or to convince your parents to finance a spring vacation. You may not have known it at the time, but you were performing marketing activities. Market
3、ing often has special importance for students. Many of you will work in marketingwhether in sales, retailing, advertising, or another field-in a for-profit firm or a nonprofit organization. Through this chapter you will find some information in different areas of marketingin sales, advertising, mark
4、eting concept, marketing mix, marketing research, understanding buyer behavior, market segmentation(细分)and other areas.What does a business firm do in our economy? Reduced to basics, businesses have two major functions: production of goods or creation of services and marketing those goods and servic
5、es. To be successful in todays competitive marketplace, people in business realize that they must first determine peoples needs and wants, and then produce goods and services to satisfy them. A company, whether it is Ford Motor Company or a small retailer, is in business to create want-satisfying go
6、ods and services for its customers. Goods and services that do not satisfy consumers are forced out from the market, since consumers do not buy them.【答案】市场营销对组织来说很重要，对于消费者来说也同样重要。它涉及所有社会成员的生活。你购买的所有商品和服务，购物的商店，以及通过广告付费的广播和电视节目，都是源于市场营销。你们每个人都曾或多或少地接触过营销活动。也许你试图把一本用过的教科书卖给校园书店，或者说服你的父母为你的春节假期提供资金。你当时
7、可能不知道，但你确实在进行营销活动。市场营销对学生来说往往具有特殊的重要性。你们中的许多人将在营利性公司或非营利性组织从事市场营销工作，无论是销售、零售、广告推销还是其他领域。经过这一时期，你会发现不同领域市场营销的一些信息，如销售、广告、营销概念、营销组合、市场调研、消费者行为分析、市场细分等其他领域。企业在我们的经济中扮演什么样的角色呢？从根本上来说，企业有两个主要功能：生产商品或创造服务，以及对这些商品和服务进行市场营销。为了在当今竞争激烈的市场中取得成功，商界人士意识到他们必须首先确定人们的需求，然后生产商品和服务来满足这些需求。任何一家公司，无论是福特汽车公司还是一家小型零售商，都致
8、力于为客户创造满足需求的商品和服务。无法让消费者满意的商品和服务将被市场淘汰，因为消费者不会购买。2. 单选题Under normal circumstances the body can （ ）these naturally occurring substances into vitamins.问题1选项A.convertB.renderC.deriveD.originate【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。convert转化，转变；render致使，提供；derive源于，获得；originate发源，发生。句意：在正常情况下，身体可以将这些自然产生的物质转化为维生素。选项A符合句意。3. 单
9、选题Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The report, to be released Friday analyzed data and existin
10、g studies of health, disaster, population and economics trends. It found that human-influenced climate changes was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition（营养不良）and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on cl
11、imate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scient
12、ist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in popul
13、ations and economic development in vulnerable regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention”. But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed（有瑕疵的）”.However, Soren Ande
14、rasen, a social scientist at Dahl berg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new internat
15、ional climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards, while still curbing the emissions of the heat trapping gases. More
16、 than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.1.What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?2.What do we learn about the Forums report from the passage?3.What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?4.What is Soren Andreasens view of the report?5.What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Cop
