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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Put the following sentences into Chinese.In industrialized countries, machines accomplish the very tiring physical work that unskilled laborers used to do in both manufacturing and agriculture.Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble but still having t
2、he same mass and a stronger gravitational pull, and you have some idea of the force of a black hole.Above all, we should avoid deciding what we think about people different from ourselves without first having learned a great deal about them and the kind of lives they have to live.The guidelines dema
3、nd that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia.Engineers working on other advances are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers, giving robots a sense of touch.Elect
4、ric power was too important to human beings. Shutting it off for even a short time would have let to complete confusion.Successful parenting begins by communicating to children that they belong, and are loved for no other reason than just because they exist.Without a healthy self-esteem they may cop
5、e by acting out problems rather than talking them out or by withdrawing and remaining indifferent toward themselves and others.Evidence of the moderation of the major parties is that much business is conducted across party lines.It has been found that day-dreaming improves a persons ability to be be
6、tter adapted to practical, immediate concerns, to solve everyday problems, and to come up more readily with new ideas.【答案】在工业化国家，机器完成相当繁重的体力活，即非技术工人曾经在制造业和农业所做的工作。设想一下地球缩小到玻璃弹子的大小，但仍然有同样的质量和重力，你就能对黑洞的力量有所了解了。重要的是，在对与我们不同的人以及他们所过的生活有足够的了解之前，我们应当避免先入为主。准则规定，当病人承受着极大的痛苦，没有治愈的可能，并且再三要求的情况下才能服用安乐死。力争在其他方
7、而有所突破的工程技术人员正在设计和试验新型金属手臂和手指，使机器人具有触觉。电力对人类非常重要。短时间的电源切断都可能导致整体混乱。成功的育儿之道源于让孩子知道，他们属于这个家庭，他们被宠爱,不因为别的，只因为他们自身的存在。由于没有健康的自尊心，他们在处理问题时，不是提出问题，而是用行动把问题表现出来，或是退缩以及采取对自己和他人保持冷漠的态度。主要政党采取温和的政策,证据是许多事务都是超越党派界限进行的。研究发现，做白日梦能提高一个人的能力，使其能更好地适应实践性和紧急性的事务，来解决日常问题，并且能更快想出新的办法。2. 单选题He claims to be an expert in a
8、stronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject. （ ）he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.问题1选项A.What littleB.So muchC.How muchD.So little【答案】A【解析】句意: 他声称自己在天文学方面是一个专家，但是实际上他在这方面相当无知。他所知道的都是过时和不准确的。语法题。考查名词性从句。 he knows about it为后面句子的主语部分，因此本句为名词性从句作主语，且句子中缺少成分，故应用what引导，再
9、根据句意可知他对天文学是无知的，因此应选little表示否定的意义，故应选A项。3. 单选题Id just as soon （ ）rudely to her.问题1选项A.that you wont speakB.your not speakingC.you not speakD.you didnt speak【答案】D【解析】句意: 我倒宁愿你没有粗鲁地对她说话。语法题。考查虛拟语气。由句中关键词“just as soon倒宁愿”的对应知这里应该用一般过去时来表示与现在事实（即你粗鲁地对她说话）相反的虚拟语气，故D 项 “you didnt speak” 正确。4. 单选题Basic res
10、earch provides the （ ）fund of scientific knowledge, on which the applied researchers draw to give society a rich rate of interest.问题1选项A.capitalB.endowedC.enhancedD.initiative【答案】A【解析】句意: 基础研究为科学知识提供了资本基金，应用研究人员从中提取资本基金后以高利率回报社会。形容词辨析。Capital fund资本基金; endowed fund捐助基金; enhanced fund增强型基金; initiativ
11、e fund项目基金。因此A符合句意。5. 翻译题Put the following 5 sentences into Chinese. Write them in the proper spaces on your answer sheet.The All-China Federation of Women has recently dropped the label and now refers to old unmarried women but the left over expression remains widely used elsewhere.The protoplanet
12、would take tens of thousands of years to grow up, and scientists hope to study the entity and glean insights into how it was created and how it might evolve.Human longevity has improved so rapidly over the past century that 72 is the new 30, scientists have claimed. Moreover, it is no longer clear w
13、here the possible outer boundaries of human life stand.The best way to clean your glasses is to run them under warm water and put a tiny drop of dishwashing detergent on the tip of your fingers to create a lather on the lens. Then rinse with warm water, and diy with a clean, soft cotton cloth.Innova
14、tive companies are led by innovative chief executives. They spend their time asking provocative questions, observing the world like anthropologists, networking with people who dont think, act or talk like them.If youre taking risks, and you probably should, you can find yourself failing 90% of the t
15、ime. The trick is to get paid while youre doing the failing and to use the experience to gain skills that will be useful later. We should be taught that failure is a process, not an obstacle.The following three basic processes promise help with great inefficiency: collecting tasks and projects from all your notebooks, calendars and files into one organizing system; deciding on the next steps and desired outcomes for each item; and making a habit of frequently checking and updating your to-dos and plans.Studies show that at least half of the variation i
