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1、2022年考博英语-湖南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jefferson contented that the country should remain chiefly agricultural.问题1选项A.inclinedB.struggledC.arguedD.competed【答案】C【解析】动词辨析。汉密尔顿希望建立一个工业化国家，而杰佛逊则认为农业是国之根本。incline 倾斜，点头，易于。struggle 奋斗，努力。argue 主张，认为。compete 竞争，比赛。
2、content赞成。故选C。2. 单选题The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and (predispose) to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlbys wor
3、k that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children
4、 and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alonefar from it. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents
5、, caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in d
6、ay care, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on childrens development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day car
7、e has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are lik
8、ely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experi
9、ence and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.1.This passage primarily argues that（ ） .2.The phrase “predispose to” (Para. 1, line 3) most probably means （ ）.3.According to Bowlbys analysis, it is quite possible that（ ） .4.It is implied but not stated in the second p
10、aragraph that .5.The writer concludes that （ ）.问题1选项A.infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schoolsB.whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schoolsC.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are threeD.there
11、 is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three问题2选项A.lead toB.dispose toC.get intoD.tend to suffer问题3选项A.childrens personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parentsB.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness i
12、n childrenC.children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later onD.some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from childrens development问题4选项A.traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early ageB.Children in modem societies cause more troubles than tho
13、se in traditional societiesC.A child did not live together with his parents among the NgoniD.Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents问题5选项A.it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery schoolB.It is not settled now whether early ca
14、re is reasonable for childrenC.It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery schoolD.It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文讨论的是孩子三岁前是否应该去托管所的争议。2.词义题。第一段中predispose to emotional problems in later life, 根据句意可判断predispose的
15、意思是 “易受到”, D项(tend to suffer)正确。3.细节题。根据题干定位至第一段: that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and (predispose) to emotional problems in later life (在从出生到三岁这段敏感的“依恋”时期与父母的分离可能会伤及孩子的人格，并在以后的生活中（倾向于）情感问题)。因此C项正确。4.推断题。定位至第二段: Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.这句话表明传统社会的父母不会在孩子很小时候和孩子分开，所以 A 选项错误，而第二句:For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and m
