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1、2022年考博英语-中共中央党校考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The second major cause of the changes in cultural policy that we are witnessing at the present time is the radical transformation of the economic environment in which cultural goods are produced, distributed and consumed, brought about by what is loosely ref
2、erred to as globalization. This term is widely used in the contemporary discourse to identify a series of related trends that can be observed in economic, social and geopolitical spheres. Essentially, globalization can be defined as three phenomena: the breakdown of barriers to the movement of resou
3、rces, especially capital and labor, between countries and regions; the emergence of a global marketplace for many commodities, with increased commercial opportunities for both national and transnational companies; and the internationalization of communications, leading to, among other things, the fr
4、ee transmission of cultural symbols and messages around the world. There are both technological and economic causes underlying these phenomena; the digital revolution, the explosion in computational power available across a wide range of applications, the growth of the internet and the invention of
5、new devices for communication and data transmission have together provided the technological impetus for globalization, while its operations have been enabled by a widespread acceptance of neoliberal economic principles as the basis for national and international policy-making. The effects of these
6、trends on artists, creative workers, commercial and non-commercial firms producing and distributing cultural products, cultural agencies and institutions, and consumers, have been profound. To begin with, on the production side new communications technologists have fostered new forms of cultural exp
7、ression and opened up new avenues for cultural exchange. At the cutting edge, artists working in new media are experimenting with innovative methods for making art and communicating it to consumers; these developments can be likened to R&D activities in industry, given that the eventual payoff (in b
8、oth artistic and commercial terms) is uncertain but could be substantial. Manuel Castells has observed that this new technological environment can be described as cultural insofar as its dynamics are dependent on the culture of innovation, on the culture of risk, on the culture of expectations and.
9、ultimately, on the culture of hope in the future. Furthermore, new technologists have led to new ways for cultural producers to carry on their business operations, through improved information and marketing services, more efficient management systems, and so on. For example, museums and galleries ar
10、e digitizing their collections, performing groups are adopting electronic ticketing, and newspapers are being made available on-line. At the same time, threats have emerged to traditional modes of cultural production and distribution, nowhere more evident than in the music industry, where illegal do
11、wnloads from the internet continue to affect the revenue streams of performers, publishers and record companies. 1.The best title for the passage is probably （ ）.2.Which of the following phenomena closely related to globalization is NOT mentioned in the passage?3.One of the causes underlying the glo
12、balization trends is that （ ）.4.Which of the following is TRUE about the effects of globalization on cultural industry?5.The word impetus in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to （ ）.问题1选项A.New Trends Brought about by GlobalizationB.The Cultural Causes of GlobalizationC.The Emergence of Globalization
13、D.Globalization and Cultural Industry问题2选项A.The breakdown of barriers to the movement of capital resources.B.The emergence of a global marketplace for many commodities.C.The vanishing of cultural diversity.D.The free transmission of cultural symbols and messages around the world.问题3选项A.the universal
14、 acceptance of neoliberal economic principlesB.the free movement of labor resources across the worldC.the emergence of many transnational companiesD.the support of policy-makers across the world问题4选项A.The effects of globalization on artists and creative workers have been more profound than on cultur
15、al agencies and institutions.B.It threatens the traditional modes of cultural production and distribution.C.Museums and galleries can display and sell their digitized collections.D.Downloads from the internet continue to affect the revenue streams of performers, publishers and record companies.问题5选项
16、A.impedeB.fuelC.impactD.impeachment【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.主旨题。纵观全文，文章主要提到了在全球化的环境给文化产业带来了一些影响，全球化对文化产业在构成一定的威胁和挑战。所以文章内容主要是围绕全球化和文化产业展开的。选项D符合题意。2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Essentially, globalization can be defined as three phenomena: the breakdown of barriers to the movement of resources, especially capital and labor, between
