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1、2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Peter became angry and said that （ ）.问题1选项A.he was tried to listen to themB.the listening to them was tired for himC.he was tiring listening to themD.he was tired of listening to them【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。be tired of doing sth. “厌烦做某事”。句意：皮特很生气，说他很讨厌听他们讲话。选项D符合题意。2.
2、单选题In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these e
3、arly aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wro
4、ng. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way
5、in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts a
6、re as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.Imitating the brains neural （神经的）network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an importa
7、nt aspect of natural intelligence. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors”, he explains, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells Where one stage of child development has been left o
8、ut, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to back and capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible, for example by providing the opportunity for the child to play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fac
9、t, underlies all psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basis of work in child clinics.The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages wait for food, to sleep and wake at regular intervals and so on.
10、If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands a
11、re not made before the child can understand them.Every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skillthe first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can s
12、et up dangerous feeling of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left
13、 alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Learning together is a fruitful source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children
14、learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of achieving this cooperation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crossword are good examples.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. S
15、ome may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness and well-being.1
16、.The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children（ ）.2.The child in the nursery（ ）.3.The encouragement of children to achieve new skills（ ）.4.Jigsaw puzzles are（ ）.5.Parental controls and discipline （ ）.问题1选项A.is to send them to clinicsB.offers recapture of earlier experiencesC.is in the provision of clockwork toys and trainsD.is to capture them befo
