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1、wordUnit 1 Introduction to Industrial EngineeringThe Roles of IEIndustrial engineering(IE)isemerging as one of the classic*and novel professions that will be counted for solving plex and systematic problems in the highly technological world of today1.In particular，with the rapid development of China
2、s economy and its acting as a center of world manufacturing industries，the demand for IE will increase and widen continuously and urgently.工业工程是新兴的经典和新颖的将计算解决复杂和系统性的问题，在今天的高度科技世界职业之一。 ，特别是在中国快速发展的经济和其作为世界制造业中心的演技，为IE的需求将增加，并不断扩大和迫切。A production system or service system includes inputs, transformatio
3、n, and outputs. Through transformation, the added values are increased and the system efficiency and effectiveness are improved. Transformation processes rely on the technologies used and management sciences as well as their bination.生产系统或服务系统，包括输入，转换和输出。通过改造，增加值的增加，系统的效率和效益都有所提高。转化过程中所使用的技术和管理科学以及它
4、们的组合依靠。Managing a production system or service system is a challenging and plex taskone that requires the knowledge of fundamental sciences, engineering sciences, behavioral sciences, puter and information sciences, economics, and a great number of topics concerning the basic principles and techniqu
5、es of production and service systems.管理生产系统的服务体系，是一个具有挑战性和复杂的，行为科学，计算机和信息科学，经济，以及大量的主题有关的基本原则和技术，生产和服务系统的技术。The Demand for IE Graduates对于IE 毕业生的需求Industrial engineering curricula are designed to prepare the students to meet the challenges of the future for the construction of Chinese economic and ha
6、rmonious society. Many IE graduates (IEs) will, indeed, design and run modern manufacturing systems and facilities. Others will select to engage in service activities such as health-caredelivery,finance,logistics,transportation, education, public administration, or consulting and so on.工业工程课程设计准备的学生
7、，以满足未来中国的经济和和谐社会建设的挑战。许多即毕业生（IES ），事实上，设计和运行现代制造系统和设施。其他选择从事服务活动，如健康，care 交付，金融，物流，交通，教育，公共管理，或咨询等。The demand for IE graduates is strong and growing each year. In fact, the demand for IEs greatly exceeds the supply. This demand/supply imbalance is greater for IE than for any other engineering or sci
8、ence disciplines and is projected to exist for many years in the future. Therefore, over 150 universities or colleges opened IE program in China in 2004为IE毕业生的需求比较旺盛，每年增长。事实上，对于非法入境者的需求大大超过供给。这种需求/供给不平衡是为IE大于其他任何工程或科学学科，并预计在未来多年存在。因此，over150大学或学院于2004年在中国开设了IE浏览器程序。 The Objectives of the Textbook教科书
9、的目标The main purpose of this textbook is to introduce systematical theories and advanced techniques and methodologies of the relevant subjects of industrial engineering as well as their English expression. The other aim of the textbook is to strengthen and improve students the ability of reading and
10、prehension of specialized English literatures related to industrial engineering这本教科书的主要目的是引入系统化的理论和先进的技术和方法，工业工程，以及他们的英语表达有关科目。教科书的另一个目的是加强和改进学生，AOS与工业工程专业英语文献的阅读和理解能力。Engineering and Science工程与科学How did the two words “industrial” and “engineering” get bined to form the term “industrial engineering”
11、？What is the relationship between industrial engineering and other engineering disciplines, to business management, or the social sciences?To understand the role of industrial engineering in todays economic and knowledge-based era, it is beneficial to learn the historical developments that were hope
12、ful in the evolution of IE. There are many ways to write a historical development of engineering. The treatment in this unit is brief because our interest is in reviewing the significances of engineering development, particularly those leading to industrial engineering as a specialty. More plete his
13、tories are available in the reference.怎么这两个词，?industrial，?and，?engineering，?get相结合，形成长期，?industrial工程，非盟是什么？工业工程和其他工程学科之间的关系，企业管理，社会科学？ 为了了解工业工程的作用，在今天，AOS经济和知识为基础的的时代，它是有利于学习，希望在IE的演变历史的发展，有许多半途而废写历史发展的工程。治疗本单位是短暂的，因为我们的利益，在审查工程发展的意义，尤其是作为一个专业工业工程的，更完整的历史参考Engineering and science have developed in
14、a parallel, plementary fashion, although they are not always at the same pace. Whereas science is concerned with the quest for basic knowledge, engineering is concerned with the application of scientific knowledge to the solution of problems and to the quest for a “better life”. Obviously, knowledge
15、 cannot be applied until it is discovered, and once discovered, it will soon be put to use. In its efforts to solve problems, engineering provides feedback to science in areas where new knowledge is needed. Thus, science and engineering work hand inhand1工程与科学发展并行，相辅相成的方式，虽然他们是电机始终以同样的速度，而科学是有关基本知识的追
16、求，工程与科学知识的应用关注问题的解决方案，并，?better生活的追求，?.Obviously，知识不能被应用，直到它被发现的，一经发现，将很快投入使用，在努力解决问题，工程在新知识的地方，提供反馈，以科学因此，科学和工程工作在手的手。Engineering ApplicationsTools工程应用 - 工具Although “science” and “engineering” each have distinguishing features and are regarded as different disciplines, in some cases a “scientist” and an “engineer” might be the same person. This was especially true in earlier times when there were very few means ofmunicating basic kn
