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1、word星期4 ThursdayBusiness is the salf of life.事业是人生的第一需要。学习内容题 材词 数建议时间错误统计做题备忘Text A女性职场4306分钟 /5Text B经济管理3925分钟 /5Text C自然奥秘450 /5Text D社会问题546 /5今日练习Text ADespite all the progress toward womens equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by
2、 men.Driving home that point, the National mittee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists
3、differ in their explanations. And yet this ine disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated in both the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the womens movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring t
4、hat working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions the “glass ceiling (指职业女性在职务提升时遇到的无形阻力)that accounts for so few women being in top management.Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made i
5、n their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, theyre often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay ris
6、es.Another explanation is that women dont really make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that don
7、t account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their ine cant pay for day care, or day care doesnt suit their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part time.So as their l
8、ife choices seem to bee a life burden, womens ine slips behind mens.No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducing the pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women i
9、n management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average pay will surpass mens and that may make up for lost wages.1. April 16has been chosen A to sh
10、ow the organizations attitude towards equal pay.B to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.C to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.D to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.2. How can women raise their salary?A By going out
11、 for work instead of staying at home.B By asking their employer to raise their salary.C By sending their child to the kindergarten.D By having the ability to choose their jobs.3. Which of the following is NOT a traditional job for women?A Nurse. B Teacher.C Economist. D Typist.4. Which of the follow
12、ing statement is NOT true? A Wage gap servers as a key indicator of how women are treated.B Many women have lower-paying jobs because of house chores.C Some working mothers earn less than their childrens day care.D Many employers have already done enough to support workingmothers.5. Who are expected
13、 to contribute more to narrowing the pay gap?A Women themselves.B Employers.C The government.D Men.Text BIf sustainable petitive advantage depends upon work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the petitive survival of the fir
14、m in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in th
15、e corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer (CFO) is almost always second in mand. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firms hierarchy.While American firms often talk about t
