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1、河南自考网 - 自考专升本,河南自考网门户网站（）名词和名词短语（2） 限定词和属格练习1定义4.1 限定词 Determiner在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指，类指以及表示数量等限定的词。Determiners refer to the words which are used in the pre-modification of a noun phrase which typically precede any adj. that pre-modify the head word.A nice man. (a: determiner, nice: adjective)练习2考点1限定词和形
2、容词区别 Difference between Determiner and Adjective1. 前置限定, 限定词在形容词前面.Determiner usually precede adj. in pre-modification.A nice man. (a: determiner, nice: adjective)2. 限定词的选择受中心词影响而形容词不受。The choice of Determiner is determined by the head word but not that of adj.A good man. Not these good man. (should
3、 be these good men)3. 形容词表明中心词的特征，而限定词限定中心词的意义数量。Adj. describe the head word by showing its characteristic while determiner determine the head word by identifying or quantifying.Many Good The useful Books.My old4. 形容词可位于中心词后，而限定词不可。 Adj. can post-modify the head word but not Determiner.5.形容词有比较级而限定词
4、没有(除few, little, many much外) 。Adj. has comparative form but not Determiner（except few, little, many much）.定义4.1.2 Co-occurrence of DeterminersDeterminer may co-occurrence in the pre-modification of a noun phrase: two or more determiner may modify one and the same head word. Each determiner takes a f
5、ixed position , we identify their relative positions in the case of co-occurrence.前位限定Pre-Determiner 中位限定 Central Determiner后位限定Post Determiner All, BothHalf, Double Twice, Three times One-third, Two-thirdsWhatSuchmanyA, TheThis, That, These, ThoseMy, your, hisJohns(Genitive)Any, Some, NoEach, Every
6、, Either, Neither,WhatWhich(ever), Whose(ever) One, Two, ThreeFirst, Second, Third.Next, Last,Few, Many, MuchAnother, Other, Several Such练习3,4考点2Pre-determiners and Central Determiners are mutually exclusive, that is in one and the same Noun Phrase, there could be only one Pre-determiner and Central
7、 Determiner, however, Post-Determiners are not mutually exclusive.All the other students. (Pre + Central + Post )All the other three students. ( Pre + Central +Post + Post )考点34.1.3 Usage of some DeterminersAll and Whole (difference)1. All强调个体中的每一个，某种程度上与every相似。She would work 12 hours a day all the
8、 year long.1. Whole更注重于整体。Whole regiments surrendered to the enemy.2. All修饰一个表示地方的短语时，一般指“所有住在那的人”， All the village was excited at the news.(=the whole village)2. Whole根据原文一般指指居民或者地方本身作为一个整体存在。The whole village was flooded,3. 修饰专有名词时语法的区别。特别是地名。All Newcastle was excited at the news.3. 修饰专有名词时语法的区别。特
9、别是地名。The whole of Newcastle was excited at the news.All and BothAll 修饰2部分以上组成的个体。Both 修饰的个体由2部分组成 All, Every, EachAll 侧重于整个groupAll the boys enjoyed themselves at the party.（全局）Every指Group中的个体Every boy enjoyed himself at the party.（全局中的个体）Each则侧重于单独的个体。Each boy got one present at the party.（个体）Both,
10、 Each, EitherBoth 强调2个一起 Each, Either当表明2个中的每一个的时候both sidesThere are shops on Each side of the street. Either sideAny, Either, No (None), NeitherAny, No (None) refer to a group of more than 2.Either and Neither refer to a group of 2.定义4.1.4 Article 冠词As a determiner, it pre-modifies a head noun, in
11、 the English Language, there are two articles: Definite article 定冠词“the” and indefinite article 不定冠词“An”. The Two terms indicate some of the semantic implication of the article usage.练习5泛指和特指定义 Generic reference vs. Specific reference: Generic reference denotes class membership and it can also refer
12、 to a class as a whole, its realized by a singular countable noun that goes with an indefinite article a(n),or with definite article “the” or a plural countable noun goes without an article.e.g. The panda is a rare animal.Specific reference can be made either in a definite way or in an indefinite wa
13、y, definite specific reference identifies the referent in question and is realized by a noun with a definite article “the”. Indefinite specific reference points to a particular, actual example of the class, realized by a singular countable noun with “a”.e.g. A dog charged me yesterday when I was on
14、my way home.练习6Definite article + Generic referenceThe panda is a rare animal.Indefinite Article + Specific ReferenceA god charge me when I was on my way home last night.*不定冠词 A(n) Indefinite Article “A(n)”Main function: to indicate class membership. typically used with singular countable noun, refe
15、r to a class as a whole.1. 当专有名词或者不可数作为一种可数名词的分来来讲的话，前面可加AHe looks forward to owning a Benz.2. 职业，工作为补语的名词需要不定冠词修饰。John is a writer.3. 仅可一个人担任的职业名词不需要不定冠词的修饰。He was selected chairman of the committee. As president of the United State*定冠词 The Definite Article “The”The Definite Article “The”不需要加定冠词“The”的情况需要加定冠词“The”的情况1. 公共机构在习惯性表达里不需要冠词。They go to church every Sunday.1. 指公共机构本身的建筑时，用The (bed, class, table, town etc.用法相同)T
