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1、徐名词性从句知识点总结名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。注意：1、连
2、接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。2、不可省略的连词：（1）介词后的连词（2）引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.（二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作
3、主语。e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.主要句型有：（1）It+be+形容词+that从句。It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。（2）It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。Its no surprise t
4、hat our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。（3）It+be+过去分词+that从句。It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。（4）It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。（5）It+doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主
5、语从句。It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4、当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。What we need is more time and money.What we need are many
6、more books.5、if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whetherWhether he left (or not) is unknown6、引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词that。That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2)从属连词whether。如：Whether hell come here isnt clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, whi
7、ch, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home - my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。注意：连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含
8、义Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g. The question was who could go there.注意：连
9、系动词“appear, look, seem”的两个常用句型It seems/appears that.It looks/seems as if/as though(与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气)2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.3、引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1)从属连词that。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2)从属连词whether,
10、as, as if。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。注意：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, loo
11、k等。如：It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching t
12、he attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。注意：连词because可引导表语从句。because 与 why在引导表语从句的区别：eg：I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。（because后面加原因）I think it is the reason why he was so angry. 我想这就是他如此生气的原因。（why后面加结果） （四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.2、介
13、词宾语从句：介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work.Im interested in what youve said.Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。e.g. I wonder i
14、f it doesnt rain.用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true. I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whethe
15、r也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.注意：区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句I dont know if he will come.If he comes, Ill let you know.4、宾语从句的时态变化规律：宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外 (1)当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。 (2)当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。5、当主语是I, we ，主句用think, believe, suppose, ex
