《实验4 路由协议-OSPF》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《实验4 路由协议-OSPF（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、实验4.动态路由OSPF1背景知识OSPF是由IETF的IGP工作组为ip网开发的路由协议。该工作组成立于1998年， 专门设计用于因特网的基于最短路径优先（SPF）算法的IGP。与IGRP类似，OSPF创 建的原因是到了八十年代中期，RIP不能服务于大型、异构网络的缺陷愈发明显。OSPF有两个主要的特性。首先该协议是开放的，即其规范是公开的，公布的OSPF 规范是RFC1247。另一个基本的特性是OSPF基于SPF算法，该算法也称为Dijkstra算 法，即以创建该算法的人来命名。2实验需求：思科路由器C3640三台3实验目的通过本实验可以掌握：在路由器上启动OSPF路由进程启用参与路由协议
2、的接口，并且通告网络及所在的区域认识DR和BDR选举 OSPF特殊区域配置 OSPF认证的类型和意义 基于区域的OSPF简单口令认证和MD5的配置和调试 OSPF路由汇总验证OSPF路由协议相关信息4实验拓扑F0/023.1.1.0/30F0/0Lo 0络技术培训Hlsz-R3.ciscohuawei.corea 35实验步骤实验基本配置省略5.1 OSPF单区域和多区域配置配置R1路由器R1(config)#router ospf 1 /开启ospf进程，进程ID本地有效，可一样也可以不一样R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1R1(
3、config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0R1(config-router)#end/通告网段的时候要注意的area ID /此网段要通告到area 0配置R2路由器R2(config)#router ospf 1R2(config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0R2(config-router)#network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0R2(config-router)#exit
4、/这里三个网段都是area 0配置R3路由器R3(config)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)#network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 3/此网段属于区域0/此网段属于区域3查看R1和R3的路由表R1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSP
5、F inter areaN1 - OSpF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OsPf NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloade
6、d static routeGateway of last resort is not set1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 2.2.2.2 110/65 via 12.1.1.2, 00:13:15, Serial2/0/ 区域内的路由3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 3.3.3.3 110/66 via 12.1.1.2, 00:13:15, Serial
7、2/0/ 区域间的路由23.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 23.1.1.0 110/65 via 12.1.1.2, 00:13:15, Serial2/012.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0R3#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OS
8、PF inter areaN1 - OSpF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OsPf NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded
9、static routeGateway of last resort is not set1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 1.1.1.1 110/66 via 23.1.1.1, 00:13:37, FastEthernet0/0/ 区域间的路由2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 2.2.2.2 110/2 via 23.1.1.1, 00:13:37, FastEthernet0/0/ 区域内的路由3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 3.3.3.3 is directly c
10、onnected, Loopback023.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/012.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 12.1.1.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.1, 00:13:37, FastEthernet0/0查看R2的ospf的邻居（邻接）关系R2#show ip ospf neighborNeighbor IDPriStateDead Time AddressInterface3.3.3.31FULL/BDR00
11、:00:3823.1.1.2FastEthernet0/01.1.1.10FULL/ -00:00:31 12.1.1.1Serial2/0备注：以太网链路有DR、BDR的选举，WAN链路（点到点）不选择DR、BDR查看运行了 ospf路由协议的接口R2#sh ip os int f0/0FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is upInternet Address 23.1.1.1/30, Area 0/此接口地址及这个接口所在的区域Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST Cost:
12、 1 / 网络环境类型 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1/DR 或者是 BDR，优先级Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 23.1.1.1 /Router-ID 也是DR Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 23.1.1.2 /BDRTimer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5/ 存活时间oob-resyn
13、c timeout 40 Hello due in 00:00:09Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)Index 3/3, flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msecNeighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1/邻居个数Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 (Backup
14、 Designated Router)/邻接个数Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)R2#sh ip ospf int s2/0/无 DR、BDR 的选举Serial2/0 is up, line protocol is upInternet Address 12.1.1.2/30, Area 0Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT Cost: 64 /网络环境Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,Timer intervals
15、configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 oob-resync timeout 40 Hello due in 00:00:01Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)Index 1/1, flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msecNeighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1/ 邻居个数Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1/ 邻接个数Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)R3#
